SIWALIK AND NARBADA PROBOSCIDIA. 
39—220 
Third lower milk-molar. — Of the third lower milk-molar there is a damaged 
specimen in the Indian Museum from Perim Island. This tooth carries three trans- 
verse ridges, and small fore-and-aft talons ; it is narrower in front than behind, and 
in aU essential characters it agrees with the preceding specimen. Its length is 3'4 
inches, and its greatest width 2-3 inches. 
Second tipper milk-molar . — The specimen represented in fig. 3 of Plate 
XXXV is evidently from its size a milk-molar or a premolar, while from its shape 
it as evidently belongs to the upper jaw. It carries two transverse ridges, a very 
small anterior talon, and a large posterior talon. Prom its carrying only two com- 
plete transverse ridges, it might he either the first milk-molar of a tetralophodont, 
or the second milk-molar of a trilophodont Mastodon. Now, from its size, the 
specimen is too large to he a first milk-molar, and must consequently he the 
second milk-molar of a Trilophodon, if it be not a premolar. Of the trilophodont 
Mastodon falconeri, the second upper milk-molar is known (Plate XXXII, 
fig. 2), and there, therefore, only remains M. pandionis to which the specimen can 
belong ; as we shall see immediately, its characters agree sufficiently well wdth those 
of the other teeth of that species to make it probable that the specimen is rightly 
referred to it. 
The specimen was collected by Mr. Theobald in the Siwaliks of the Punjab, 
and is entirely untouched by wear, never having been protruded from the gum : we 
may, therefore, infer that the animal to which it belonged must have died in 
early infancy. The crown is considerably narrower in front than behind, and the 
ridges borne on it are of unusual relative height, the second being rather lower 
than the first. The latter, which is divided like the former, into an outer and an 
inner portion by the median longitudinal cleft which traverses the crown, has two 
large tubercles at either extremity : between these are two smaller ones — one on 
either side of the median cleft. The second ridge has tw^'o tubercles externally, and 
a mass of four small agglomerated tubercles internally. The larger size of this 
second mass of tubercles shows that this is the inner side of the tooth, which will 
consequently belong to the left side of the jaw. The hind-talon has two distinct 
tubercles externally, while internally it merges into an indistinct ledge on the second 
ridge. The main transverse valley is completely blocked up by an accessory column 
or tubercle, rising from the hinder side of the first ridge, and uniting at its base 
with one of the tubercles on the opposite side of the second ridge. A considerable 
quantity of cement occurs in this valley, at once distinguishing this tooth from 
those of all other Siwalik Mastodons except M. perimensis. The length of the tooth 
is 2’ 2 inches, its greatest width 1*8 inches, and the height of the first ridge 
1*3 inches. 
In the height of its ridges, their general form, as well as in the presence of 
cement, and in the blocking of the transverse valley, this tooth agrees with the first 
lower molar of Mastodon pandionis, and I accordingly provisionally refer it to the 
same species. 
