SIWALIK AND NA.EBADA PROBOSCIDIA. 
49—230 
upper jaw, while the state of attrition j)roves that it belongs to the right side. The 
characters of this tooth are so essentially those of IKastodon latidens, that there can 
he no hesitation in referring it to that species ; from the number of ridges carried 
on the crown, the tooth must be the second or penultimate upper milk-molar. The 
length of this tooth is 2-05 inches ; its greatest width 1-5 inches ; and the height 
of the unworn ridge O' 7 inch. 
This tooth being the second upper milk-molar of Jf. latidens, it is perfectly 
evident that the tooth, represented in fig. 1 of Plate XL of the ‘‘Pauna Antiqua 
Sivalensis, ” cannot belong to that species ; that tooth has a semi-oval crown, and 
only carries two main transverse ridges, which are higher than in our specimen ; it 
corresponds in form with the second upper milk-molar represented in Plate XXXY 
fig. 3, of this memoir, which I have provisionally ref erred to M. pmidionis, to which 
species Palconer’s specimen must likewise be referred. On page 51 of the Index 
to the Plates of the “ Pauna Antiqna Sivalensis,” Dr. Palconer makes a note to the 
effect that in the Museum of the Boyal College of Surgeons, there is “ the left 
side of the upper jaw' of a young Mastodon latidens containing the first and 
second milk-molars. The anterior tooth is about 1 inch long and *8 inch wide, 
and has two ridges with a heel. The main ridge is transverse ; the anterior one is 
an obtuse cusp. The tooth is oval, the sharp end being in front. The second 
milk-molar is 2 inches long by about 1*5 inches wide. It has three main trans- 
verse ridges and a small bourrelet ridge in front, and a heel ridge behind. It 
expands very widely in the direction of the orbit. A vertical section shows some- 
thing like the enamel of another small tooth half an inch long.” Prom this note 
it will be clear that the specimen figured in the “ Pauna Antiqna Sivalensis ” as 
the second upper milk-molar of Mastodon latidens could not be that tooth if the 
specimen in the College of Surgeons were, because the one tooth had two ridges and 
the other three. The latter tooth, judging from Palconer’s description, seems to 
agree exactly with the second upper milk-molar of Mastodon latidens figured in this 
memoir, and I have, therefore, no doubt but that the jaw in the College of Surgeons 
is rightly referred to that species. The first milk-molar in that jaw seems, as I 
have already said, to agree with the tooth referred above to the same serial position. 
Second loioer milk-molar. — In fig. 2 of plate XXXVII we have the corre- 
sponding lower tooth to the last specimen. This tooth was likewise obtained by 
Mr. Theobald in the Punjab. Its crown surface is concave superiorly, and as the 
ridges are most worn on the lower border of the figure, the tooth must have 
belonged to the right ramus of the mandible, while the presence of three transverse 
ridges and the small size of the crown prove the tooth to be the second, or penulti- 
mate milk-molar. The anterior part of the tooth has been somewhat damaged, 
the fore-talon being in consequence broken away. The posterior talon (left side of 
figure) is complete, and the two columns of which it is composed have their sum- 
mits slightly touched by attrition ; the three transverse ridges are all well worn. 
The tooth is narrower in front than behind ; the ridges and vaUeys are low and 
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