257—76 
SIWALIK AND NARBADA PROBOSCIDIA. 
out that Clift had confused the remains of several species under the name of M, 
elephantoides, and they accordingly gave a new name to the two species of “ transi- 
tional Mastodons,” which had been partly mixed up with Mastodon latidens. To 
the elephant teeth with six ridges they gave the name of Elephas eliftii, and to the 
teeth with a greater number of ridges E. insignis} In a subsequent paper, ^ these 
and other species appeared under the suh-generic name of Stegodon, proposed by 
Dr. Balconer. 
Eistribution. — All the specimens of the molars of Stegodon cliftii figured in 
the “ Eauna Antiqua Sivalensis ” were obtained from Burma, and it is not certain 
whether the authors of that work had seen any authentic specimens from the suh- 
Himalayan Siwaliks, though one specimen in the collection of the Asiatic Society of 
Bengal was doubtfully said to have come from the Indian Siwahks. Subsequent 
researches have, however, shown that the species is of not uncommon occurrence 
in the Siwaliks of the Punjab, and a considerable number of specimens of the 
teeth and jaws are now exhibited in the Indian Museum, obtained from that district. 
One of these specimens is a palate with the two penultimate molars, each of which 
has six ridges, and which is almost exactly similar to the specimen figured by Mr. 
Clift in Plate XXXVI of his above- quoted memoir. Another specimen, the last 
lower true molar, has been previously noticed by myself in the “ Records.”® We 
shall subsequently see that the species probably occurs in China. 
Characters of molars. — The characters of the molars of Stegodon cliftii, as 
given by Dr. Palconer in various notices,^ are as follows : The first and second true 
molars have only six ridges, continuous across the crown, and chevron- shaped, with 
numerous mammillae or cusps. The cement does not fill up the interval between 
these ridges, hut occurs only, in inconsiderable quantities, in the hollows. The outer 
side of the upper molars is higher than the inner, in which character the species 
differs from all the other Stegodons named by Palconer, in the molars of which the 
central part of the ridges is the highest. In all these characters the molars of 
S. cliftii are intermediate between those of the Mastodons and those of the other 
Stegodons. A complete milk-molar was not known to Palconer, but he inferred 
that the last milk-molar would carry five or six ridges. 
Second upper milk-molar . — In the “ Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 
of London” for 1870,® Professor Owen described a penultimate upper milk-molar 
of a Stegodon obtained from China, under the name of S. sinensis, considering it to 
l^e distinct from any of Palconer’s species. Of this tooth the Indian Museum has 
lately obtained a cast, through the courtesy of the Trustees of the British Museum, 
which is figured in Plate XLV, fig. 2, of tliis memoir. In regard to this tooth 
I have come to a conclusion directly opposed to that of Professor Owen, and con- 
* “ Paltcontological Memoirs,” Vol. I, p. 82. 
2 Ihid., Vol. II, p. 14. 
^ Eec. Geol. Surv. of India, Vol. XI, p. 72. 
^ Pal. Mem., Vols. I, p. 82, II, p. 84. 
‘ Vol, XXVI, p. 417, PI. XXVII. 
