267—86 
SIWALIK AND NAEBADA PEOBOSCIDIA. 
Indian Museum, in which the last molars carry eight ridges and a hind-talon, shows 
that this extreme apjDroximation of the molars is due to lateral crushing, since in 
the latter skull the antero-internal angles of the molars are separated by more 
than 2 inches. 
Third lower true molar . — Specimens of the last lower molar of this species are 
represented in Plate XXIX A (fig. 8) and XXIX B (fig. 7) of the “ Pauna Antiqua 
Sivalensis,” showing that this tooth carried nine ridges and a hind-talon. 
Ididge-formula . — Prom the foregoing details of the teeth of Stegodon bombifrons, 
theii ridge-formula may he approximately represented as follows : — 
Milk-molars. True molars. 
.P+4P-K5— 6)? 6+7+(8— 9) 
P+4 +(5-6) 7+7+9 
This formula wiU he seen to he intermediate between the formulae of S. cliftii 
(see above) and S. insignis below). The last milk-molar in some cases presents 
a lower number of ridges than in S. cliftii, while the true molars have generally a 
liigher number than those of the latter. The last true molar of S. bombifrons has 
always a smaller number of ridges than the corresponding tooth of S. insignis, while 
the two preceding teeth present, on the whole, a smaller number of ridges, though the 
highest number of ridges (seven) which occurs in the teeth of S. bombifrons equals 
the lowest which occurs in those of S. insignis. 
Cranium .- — A very perfect cranium (now in the British Museum) is figured in 
Plates XXVII and XXVIII of the “Pauna Antiqua Sivalensis,” and another less 
perfect specimen (also in the British Museum) in the preceding plate of the same 
work. A third cranium, lacking a portion of the left frontal region, is in the col- 
lection of the Indian Museum, obtained by Mr. Theobald in the Siwaliks of the 
Kangra district. This specimen, though of rather smaller size, agrees precisely in 
form with the British Museum specimens, so that this form of cranium may be 
considered as characteristic of the species. The characters of the skull, as given by 
Palconer, are as follows : The skull " is convex from occiput to front, and also 
across, and is very narrow at the temporal contraction. The bounding ridges sweep 
round by a bold curve into the post-orbitary processes, as in B. meridionalis . There 
is a deep furrow between the tusks (which are of small size). The nasal opening 
for the trunk is above the line (or nearly so) of the post-orbitary process of the 
frontal bone. Above the infra-orbitary foramen on the right side there is another 
small opening.” 
distribution . — Bemains of this species have not, as far as I am aware, been 
found elsewhere than in the sub-Himalayan Siwaliks, and I doubt if they occur to 
the west of the Jhelam river. 
