269—88 
SIWALIK AND NAEBADA PROBOSCIDIA. 
ridges are straight, fairly broad, and appear to have carried a large number of cusps 
on their unworn summits ; the number of cusps on the yet unworn last ridge seems 
to be twelve. The tooth is considerably narrower in front than behind ; its length 
is 2’ 7 inches and its greatest width 1’6 inches : the width of the base of the central 
ridge being -6 inch. 
On page 43 of the “ Catalogue of the Possil Vertebrata in the Museum of the 
Asiatic Society of Bengal,” Dr. Palconer describes a second upper milk-molar of an 
elephant (No. S. 7) as belonging to S. insignis. This identification appears to me 
to be a mistake ; the tooth really belonging to Loxodoii planifrons. The tooth 
differs from both the second upper molars of Stegodon insignis figured in the 
Pauna Antiqua Sivalensis,” by being less narrowed in front, by the ridges being 
six in number, by their being narrower and higher, by the number of cusjds on the 
last ridge being only five or six, by there being no hind-talon, and by the much 
greater quantity of cement present in the valleys, which completely overlaps the 
last unworn ridge. In all the above-mentioned points this tooth agrees with the 
teeth of Loxodon planifrons, and in the Indian Museum, where it is now deposited, 
it has accordingly been classed as belonging to that species. 
Stegodon orientalis, Owen.^ — The fragment comprising the two last ridges and 
the hind- talon of a (probably) last upper milk-molar of a Stegodon from China, 
figured and described by Professor Owen in the “ Quarterly Journal of the Geologi- 
cal Society of London’”^ as the second upper milk-molar of a new species of the 
genus, under the name of S. orientalis, does not appear to me to be sufficiently 
distinguished from the corresponding tooth of the present species. 
Professor Owen, in describing the Chinese milk-molar, and a fragmentary true 
molar, which he also refers to the same species, lays great stress on the number of 
cusps carried on the ridges of these teeth, which in the larger tooth he estimates at 
about a dozen. N ow, I have already shown elsewhere^ that there is a considerable 
tendency to variation in the number of cusps carried by the ridges of the molars of 
Stegodon ganesa and S. insignis, and in the last lower milk-molar of the latter 
species represented in fig. 4 of Plate XL VI of this memoir, some of the ridges 
carry at least seventeen cusps, a greater number than occurs in the larger Chinese 
tooth. Again, the figured third lower milk-molar of S. insignis in two of its ridges 
exhibits a most distinct median cleft, which character Professor Owen considers 
distinctive of his Chinese specimen. If the figure of the latter be compared with the 
figure of the second upper milk-molar of S. insignis, given in fig. I of Plate XIX 
of the “Pauna Antiqua Sivalensis,”^ it will be seen, as far as can be gathered from 
the small size of the latter figure, that the two teeth have very much the same 
general form and size. The Chinese tooth cannot belong to S. cliftii, as its ridges 
are too tall, are highest in the middle, and carry too much cement. The ridges of 
' Vol. XXVI, p. 421, PI. XXVIII, figs. 3 and 4. 
Rec. Geol. Surv. India, Vol. IX, p. 49. 
* The corresponding tooth of the same species represented in fig. 3 of Plate XXIX of the Fauna Antiqua 
Sivalensis (wrongly referred in plate to S, bomhifrons) is somewhat broader posteriorly. 
