360 
Frank Carney 
cliff, barrier sand formed a lagoon, and, as a result, the fields contain 
a long narrow strip of muck soil paralleling the shoreline. 
For about one-half mile west of Black River the cliff phase 
continues. This is succeeded by a very distinct sandy beach, in 
places rising five feet above the bordering plain. Approaching the 
Wheeling Railroad, the Wayne beach bears northward and continues 
as a deposit of sand. About 60 rods north of the point where the 
railroad crosses the shoreline, a steep slope in the rock marks its 
horizon ; this condition persists for nearly 100 rods, when the shore- 
line again becomes a beach. South of Lorain the cuspate foreland of 
Lake Warren is bordered by a cliff cut in the Berea sandstone; 
several segments of beach, barrier structures of the Warren stage, 
mark the top slope of this cliff. 
Westward of the foreland, structural deposits again indicate 
the Wayne level. With the exception of a few segments, however, 
this shoreline, beyond the point where it is intersected by the electric 
railroad, consists of a cliff ; further evidence of wave-work is seen in 
the band of bowlders which parallels the cliff ; west of Beaver Creek, 
for about one-third of a mile, the Lake Shore Railroad parallels the 
beach deposits of the Wayne stage. The last one-quarter of a mile 
on the sheet consists of a cliff cut in the Berea sandstone. 
Lake Arkona 
South of Trinity, just beyond the angle in the highway, a few 
rods of ridged sand and gravel may indicate the 695-foot stage of 
Lake Arkona. For a little over a mile directly west, the fields do not 
give any definite shoreline evidence. Commencing a short distance 
west of the highway which runs south from the North Ridge one and 
one-half miles west of Avon an indistinct sandy gravel-ridge, lying 
somewhat above the 690-foot contour, may be traced quite contin- 
uously to the Black River; for a part of this distance there are two 
low ridges about 40 rods apart. 
On the west border of the bay which occupied the Black River 
valley depression more definite evidence of this stage was noted. 
Near the north boundary of Elyria township, between the Lorain 
and Elyria Electric R. R., and the Cleveland, Lorain and Wheeling 
R. R., the countours bend to the east around an outlier of Berea 
sandstone; from this outlier a spit grew southeastward, and is cut 
thru by the electric line; north of the outlier an accumulation of 
sand extends for about three-fourths of a mile; thence through a 
half-mile interval the fields show much sandy gravel, but no ridge. 
