15 ° 
Frank Carney 
flood-plain, but not extensive enough to warrant the maintenance 
of roads on each side, the slope bearing the better springs was nor- 
mally the decisive factor; the homes on the opposite side would be 
approached by fords and lanes, or by only the latter if located 
near a transverse highway. In the uplands the permanent lines 
of traffic appear to take courses that will accommodate the greatest 
number without making too great sacrifice in distance; even then 
some dwellings are isolated. The isolation may continue but one 
P ig. 12 . The tiny rill of a spring that has already developed a small basin in the 
Black Hand formation. 
generation, or until the desire to live on the highway overcomes 
the convenience of water and the associations of the hearth; the 
latter factors have prevailed wherever we see an isolated frame 
house, whereas a deserted log cabin means the dominancy of the 
former. 
Moreover, the intervalley highways sometimes exhibit an eco- 
nomic influence. When the area is heavily timbered, and lumber- 
ing rather than agriculture is the initial occupation, the roads made 
