Drainage Changes near Granville^ Ohio l6y 
channelway almost parallel with the Raccoon into the first rock 
terrace, leaving it standing as a ridge merging into Flower Pot 
hill on the west. These streams generally head in circular-like 
valleys frequently wider than the lower portions, a character doubt- 
less due to the fissile character of the lower rock in the valley 
walls?® 
Of the tributaries to the wider portion of the Raccoon west of 
Granville, the one occupying an old wide valley to the south has 
been already mentioned. A small barbed tributary arising in 
the divide area is received from the north. Further west Lobdell 
Run from the north and Moots Run from the south are tributary. 
In general the valleys tributary to the Raccoon show a contra- 
barbing to the east and west- of the Granville col. Those to the 
east show a normal condition, i. e., the smaller angle made with 
the Raccoon points east. Those to the west show an abnormal 
tendency, i. e., the smaller angle points west or upstream relative 
to the present Raccoon. This contra-barbing is itself evidence of 
a drainage diversion: The tributaries to the lower end of the 
Raccoon conform to the normal tendency of tributaries in joining 
their trunk stream. When the abnormal is found, as west of the 
assumed former divide at Granville, the most satisfactory explana- 
tion is that at one time the present abnormal was normal, which 
in turn necessitates the hypothecation of an originally west flowing 
drainage at -this point. 
Incompetency of Glacial Explanation. The frequent obliter- 
ating effect of glaciers by masking the primitive topography with 
a mantle of drift makes absolute accuracy in the discussion of the 
preglacial .histories of such areas practically impossible. Tight 
has favored glaciation as a cause of drainage changes^® in central 
Ohio, although admitting without discussion the apparent pre- 
glacial origin of the lower end of the Raccoon and of the S.outh 
Fork of the Licking. The glacial theory, if pertinent to this prob- 
lem, presupposes an ice-mass coming from the west, ponding a 
body of water against the divide at Granville. This water would 
seek an outlet across this S divide toward Newark. The cutting 
of this divide could not be permitted, however, the entire length 
of Pleistocene time for completion, since the entire valley from 
F. Carney, Ibid., p. 130. 
Bull. Set. Lab.f Denison Univ.j vol. viii, pt. ii, p. 37, 1894, 
