Preliminary Notes on Cincinnatian Fossils 225 
favored also by the presence of vascular markings leaving the 
antero-lateral angles of the scars, and branching antero-laterally. 
These vascular markings are better shown by Orthis scovillei, but 
the most strongly developed part, nearest the muscular scars, 
is present also in the other species. This group differs from 
typical Dinorthis, however, in the form of the adductor scars, 
which are linear, extending to the anterior margin of the muscular 
area, as in typical Hebertella. In width, these adductor scars 
equal almost one-third of the width of the entire muscular area. 
While showing affinities to both Dinorthis and Hebertella, this 
group is sufficiently distinct from both to merit at least a subgeneric 
term, and the term Aiistinella is proposed, in honor of Dr. George 
M. Austin, to whom most of our knowledge of the vertical dis- 
tribution of the Richmond brachiopoda of Ohio is due. 
Platystrophia ponderosa, nom. nov. 
{Plate IV, Fig. 14.) 
The type specimen, here figured, came from the Bellevue bed 
at Madison, Indiana, where it is very abundant. In fact, this 
species is very abundant in the Bellevue bed in southern Indiana 
and Ohio, and in most parts of Kentucky. It is not infrequent 
in the upper part of the Fairmount bed at Maysville and else- 
where in Kentucky. At Maysville, and four miles west of Rich- 
mond, in Kentucky, a direct precursor of this species, almost of 
the same size, occurs in the upper part of the Middle Eden. It 
is much less common in the Corryville bed than in the Bellevue, 
but becomes common again in the Mount Auburn bed. It occurs 
commonly in the Arnheim bed in Kentucky, and in Bullitt county 
it is known even from the base of the Waynesville. 
Platystrophia ponderosa is characterized by its large size, thick 
valves, and quadrangular outline; the brachial valve has a promi- 
nent, though rather rounded, median fold, usually occupied by 
four plications. The sinus on the pedicel valve is broad, not very 
deep, and is occupied usually by three plications. The lateral 
plications vary between 7 and 9. Sometimes 6 plications occupy 
the median fold. The shell is greatly thickened interiorly, especi- 
ally around the deep muscular scar in the pedicel valve. 
In form this shell appears to agree more nearly with Platy- 
strophia biforata, Schlotheim, but Von Buch, who saw the type 
