272 
Frank Carney 
South-east from North Olmsted its constituents are fine to coarse 
sand, and less gravel. For a long period the region about North 
Olmsted must have formed a point or cape in the shore line as it 
marked the western limit on the Rocky river embayment. There 
is evidence of vigorous wave-action here; a few rods south of the 
corners at North Olmsted is a gravel ridge with a front-slope 3 
feet and a back-slope 7 feet high, and containing stones as large 
as 3 inches in diameter. 
The first barrier built in this embayment is traversed by a 
south-east-trending road connecting the two north-south high- 
ways south-east of North Olmsted; this barrier is about three- 
fourths of a mile long and consists chiefly of fine deposits. Its 
discontinuance westward where we would normally expect it to 
join the main ridge may be partly due to removal by erosion; 
eastward it flattens out and disappears within about one-fourth 
mile of the Rocky river channel. Inland from this I found no 
evidence of a beach, a condition due to the very low gradient and 
the consequent wide zone of shallow water. About one-half 
mile north of the west end of this barrier there is another ridge, 
terminating near the creek in a slightly recurved spit, apparently 
subaqueous in origin but later marking the shore line for a rela- 
tively brief period, after which it was gradually isolated by the 
development from the western shoulder of the embayment of 
still another spit. 
The road extending south-east from North Olmsted traverses I j 
this bar which tended farther to shut out the Rocky river embay- ] 
ment; this bar is coarser in texture than the bar above described, I; 
and encloses in its rear several lagoons which were developed con- i 
secutively from west to east by the hooked growth of spits as the 
bar extended farther across the bay. This ridge continues to | 
the edge of the present channel of Rocky river, and there is 
some evidence of it eastward from the river. ■ 
Returning to the shoulder in the main shore line at North Olm- 
sted, we find at the present time a pronounced cliff, swinging at 
first slightly to the south and then continuing directly east. Be- i 
tween this and the bar last described, there are several marsh areas 
or lagoons, decreasing in number and size eastward, and each 
representing an inward bend or temporary hook-terminus of the 
spit. While this originated as a spit growing into the bay, it came 
in time to be a typical wave-constructed beach; its front slope is ; 
