314 
Aug. F. Foerste 
specimens of Columnaria vacua, while others, possessing the same 
geological features, several feet farther up, should contain chiefly 
Columnaria alveolata. The constancy of the same features 
throughout the corallum in the case of large specimens at numer- 
ous localities and at several horizons scarcely could be due merely 
to a different state of preservation. 
Geological position. Base of Liberty bed, at Bardstown, Ken- 
tucky, and at numerous other localities at corresponding horizons i 
in the counties mentioned above. At the base of the Liberty bed, , 
this species may be traced from Jefferson to the center of Casey j 
county. They occur at the same horizon 4 miles north of Rich- ij 
mond, and at various localities between Stanford and Crab ji 
Orchard. At the base of the Saluda bed they occur from Han- i' 
over and Madison, in Indiana, northward to the northern edge of 1 
Jefferson county. One specimen of Columnaria, referred to ij 
this species, was collected immediately above the Hehertella Ij 
insculpta zone, at the base of the Liberty bed, at Concord, Ken- 
tucky. Near Clarksville, Ohio, one specimen was found 18 feet i 
below the top of the Waynesville bed, in the Blanchester division. | 
Along Roaring Run, in Warren county, Ohio, one specimen was h 
found in the Liberty bed. Along Elkhorn creek, south of Rich- 
mond, Indiana, small specimens were found 15 feet below the 1 
Brassfield or Clinton bed. I 
Rhynchotrema inaequivalve, Castelnau. 1 
{Plate VII, Figs. 10, A, B, C.) 
This is the shell described by S. A. Miller in the Cincinnati 
Quarterly Journal of Science (vol. 2, p. 60, 1875) as Trematospira 
quadriplicata and later referred by him to Rhynchotreta. 
Compared with Rhynchotrema increhescens. Hall, from the 1 
Trenton of New York, the beak of the pedicel valve appears more ; ' 
erect, the middle part of this valve is more flattened, and on j 
lateral view the anterior parts of the brachial valve appear more | 
obese. The radiating plications are less numerous and more 
prominent. The number of radiating phcations on each side of 
the fold usually does not exceed five, and frequently is reduced to 
four. Of these the three nearest the fold are conspicuous, and 
the remaining one or two are much less distinct. The concentric 1 
striations frequently are rather distant, and present an imbricat- i 
ing effect. 
