336 
Frank Carney 
the drift. The outline of the loop depends upon: width of the 
valley; depth of the valley; symmetry of valley cross-section; 
relationship of valley axis to moving ice; influence of marginal 
streams. 
Loops in the Freeville-Moravia valley 354 
Designated by letters ‘‘A”- “I” 
Loops in Fall Creek valley 362 
Designated by letters “ J” - “N” . 
Other loops principally in tributary valleys 365 
Designated by letters “O” — “R.” 
Other forms assumed by drift in valleys 366 
Massed valley moraine — terraces — ridges — isolated hillocks 
— Kame areas — eskers — flood-plain deposits — lake de- 
posits. 
Drift of the uplands 379 
Ground Moraine — the drift load of static or inactive ice 380 
Terminal moraines — influence of the Cayuga lobe, and of the 
Finger Lake basin on the outline of the ice across the Moravia 
sheet — the best developed terminal moraines 381 
Nunatak drift — conditions of development — area east of Free- 
ville — another, one mile north of this — northeast of Como — east 
of Sempronius — J ewett Hill southwest of Moravia 388 
Parallel drift-ridges: three localities, Owasco Hill, Lafayette, 
Benson Corners — description — suggestions as to origin 391 
Valley Trains; Outwash Plains: 
V alley trains: Origin — variations from type — particular trains — ^Out- 
wash plains; normal — ^the Freeville plain 392 
Eskers: 
Classes; one controlled by local topography; the other quite independ- 
ent of details of relief. 
Description of the nine eskers found in the quadrangle — general 
discussion of these: location — direction — genesis — vertical 
range — stagnant condition of ice — conclusions 394 
Bowlders of the Drift: 
Composition — ^of local origin — erratics — unusually large bowl- 
ders 404 
Ice-Dammed Lakes: 
Work of Fairchild, of Watson. Location of the high-level deltas 
— at McLean — near Groton — near loop “F” — south of North 
Lansing — at Locke — three near Moravia — at Morse Mill. . . . 406 
