4i8 
Frank Carney 
general flat-topped appearance of many drift knolls. These j 
flat tops correlate with water levels; originally they projected I 
somewhat higher, but probably never very far above the range 
of wave work, and therefore were leveled off. j 
Along the Freeville-Moravia valley I observed on drift slopes i 
some benches that apparently correlate among themselves, form- | 
ing different levels, suggestive also of wave and current work. ' 
These benches show to best advantage in the spring of the year j 
when snow persists longer in the angle between the cliff and j 
terrace. j: 
Just south of the mouth of Dry Run are two terraces cut in the !! 
rock. These are the only instances of terraces in rock, possibly j 
produced by waves, which I noted in the quadrangle. One of i 
them corresponds to a lake level. In the absence of other such j 
terraces, I would not interpret these as due to wave work. I 
No bars, spits, or other phases of shore gravels, were noted. I 
The period during which these lakes stood at any given level I 
hardly sufficed for phenomena of this type. 
Post Glacial Tilting. Up to this point no reference has been 
made to the changed altitudes given these deltas by tilting subse- 
quent to their formation. The value of this factor for any par- 
ticular gravel terrace varies directly with its distance north of the 
spillway used by the static body in which the terrace was con- 
structed. The first data referring even indirectly to this defor- 
mation have been supplied by Dr. G. K. Gilbert who estimates 
that the postglacial tilting of the Iroquois shore line, in this part 
of the state, is 2.7 feet per mile.^^ on the assumption that 
no land warping took place in this area during the time that inter- 
vened between the formation of the deltas we are discussing and 
the development of the Iroquois shore line does this factor apply. 
On this assumption, then, it follows that the highest delta at 
Moravia, constructed in a water body which overflowed by way 
of Turkey Hill, is now approximately 42.9 feet higher than when 
it was formed. T he assumption of stability of the land surface 
during the interval between the Turkey Hill overflow level and i 
the level of glacial Lake Iroquois is too remote to give these figures 
much value. It is reasonable to assume that the levels existing 
while these higher deltas were being constructed, because of sub- 
Quoted byTarr:yoMr. of Geol.,vo\. xii (1904), pp. 79-80. 
