4 
CARP. 
Carp, 
JONSTON; 
Titulus 3, Caput 6. 
(( 
WiLLonGHiir; p. 245, table 2. 
Cyprinus 
Oarpio, 
LiNNjatis. 
Ccviee. Block; pi. 16. 
(t 
$i 
Donovan; 
pi. 110. Jentns; Manual, p. 401. 
it 
Fleming; 
Br. Animals, p. 185. 
<< 
U 
Yabhell; 
Br. Fishes, vol. i, p. 349. 
This species, with all others of this family, inhabits fresh 
water, in which its haunts are in lakes or ponds, or slowly- 
flowing rivers; where, in common with the other British species, 
it is decidedly influenced by the cold of winter, at which season 
they seek to withdraw into shelter and concealment, where 
sometimes they even seem to become torpid, yet as not to 
be killed even by becoming frozen, and from which condition 
they are restored as warmth returns to the air. AVhether the 
reference is to the same species we are not able to say; but 
Captain (Sir John) Franklin says in the history of his flrst 
voyage to the Polar Sea, that the fish caught in their nets 
became so frozen that in a short time they formed a solid mass 
of ice; and by a blow or two of the hatchet they were easily 
split open, so that their entrails might be removed in one lump. 
Bat if in this frozen state they were thawed before the fire they 
recovered their animation. This was particularly the case with 
the Carp; and he has seen a Carp so completely restored after 
having been frozen for thirty-six houis, as to leap about with 
much vigour. 
As a contrast to this it is proper to adduee the experiments 
of John Hunter, which he made with two Carps, placed in a 
glass vessel with river water, and subjected to a freezing mixture 
made of ice and snow with muriate of ammonia, by which the 
temperature was reduced to 10°, and perhaps below it. In this 
condition the vital heat of the Carp was sufficient to melt the 
