79 
CLUPEA. 
CuviKE assigns to a separate genus the species of this family which 
ave the maxillary bones or mystache arched above, and capable of 
divided lengthwise into separate pieces, and by the aid of 
nicli the gape ean be considerably modified. From the kindred 
pnus Alosa it is distinguished by the absence of a decided cleft in 
iiir upper jaw, which is caused by a separation of the 
lermaxillary bones. From the genus Encrasicholm it is separated 
y the projecting snout and long cleft of the mouth of the latter. 
PILCHARD. 
Sarengm minor, sive Pilchardus, Willottguby; p. 223, pi. P. 1. 
Chtpea pilchnrdus, Ouvieb. Donovas ; pi. 69. 
“ Fleming; Bv. Animals, p. 182. 
“ Jenyns; Manual, p. 436. 
" “ Yaueell; Br. Fishes, vol. ii, p. 169. 
“ Tukion’s Linnaeus. The Swedish 
naturalist confounded this fish 
with the Sprat. 
Ihe Pilchard is one of the commonest fishes in the western 
stricts of England and the south of Ireland, and, as regards 
humhers, the most abundant in its season ; but its range is 
®ot extensive, and it is only as a rare wanderer that it is 
nown ^ eastward beyond Devonshire, or on the north beyond 
e Bristol Channel. But we read of the taking of a consid- 
erable school in the year 1'722, so far up the River Dart as 
otness Bridge, whither they had been driven by a herd 
® Porpoises; and Dale, who wrote a history of Harwich, 
Imports their having been caught on the coast of Essex. Dr. 
arnell is also a witness to the occurrence of this fish in the 
irth of Forth, and its Scottish name of Gar vie Herring is 
proof of at least its casual occurrence in other parts of that 
kingdom. 
