MEMOmS OF THE NATIO>^AL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
77 
family as Cossus and its allies. In the Cossidfe there are no separate pupal maxillary palpi, the 
lateral Hap (m.r. j?.) not heiiig separate. The labium and its palpi are long and narrow, as in 
Tortrix, The paraclypeal pieces are distinct. 
Fia. 40. — Pupa of Zeuzera py- 
rina; cb, cooooii-burstcr ; A, end 
of body of $ 
Fig. 39. — Front of bead of pupa of Prionoxy- 
stxis robinice; mx. ji, labial palpi. 
The point of departure of Tor- 
tricidie from the Tineina has still 
to be worked out; it must have 
been some generalized genus in 
the pupa of which the eye-collar (maxillary palpi) and labial palpi 
were well developed. 
Here might be i)laced the two families Thyriduhe and Sesiidm. 
After a reconsideration of the transformations of these groups we 
agree with Dr. Chapman that as regards the latter ^*it is Tineoid 
in spite of some Tortricid characters.” We should, however, not 
absolutely place these families in the Tineina, but should rather 
regard them as immediate descendants from some Tineoid genus 
with a V'Cll -developed eye-collar (fig. 41, Trochilium fraxlni^ mx. p,) 
and with a well-developed labrum. The generalized nature of the 
pupa of Trochilium is also shown in the large distinct paraclypeal 
pieces. The two families have evidently directly 
descended from some Tineoids, but they may 
have become much moditicd and specialized, 
esi)ecially in the venation, and form a side branch 
of the Tineoid series, with absolutel}' no relation 
to the Sphingidm, near which they are usually 
placed. We have been unable to obtain the pupa of Thyris for examination. 
Family Zygwaidw , — ^^Vnother group supposed by Spider (venation) and 
also Chapman (pupa) to be closely related to the Tineoids is the Zygmnida^, 
from which I sliould separate the Syntomidic. The pupa of Zygiena is said 
by Dr. Chapman to possess ill-developed eye-collars (maxillary iialpi),” and 
tlie dehiscence is tyiiically incomplete. 1 have been unable in the specimens 
kindly given me by Dr. Chapman to detect the vestiges of the ‘‘eye-collar,” 
but the cast pupa skins examined are not well preserved, and these pieces 
may be more easily detected in living and alcoholic siiecimeus. Comstock 
l)laces the Zygjcnidie high up, remote from the Tineina, but at present I am 
disposed to regard the Syntomidic as a distinct grou 2 >, Avith a different origin, 
and more nearly related to the Arctiidje. I fully agree Avith Chaiiman that 
Zygiena is near the Tineina; and I also agree Avith Comstock that Tripocris and Pyromorpha 
have “ a remarkably generalized condition of wing structure.” 
Fig. 41. — I'upa of Trochilium frax- 
ini, ; lb, labium ami p.ilpi; mx.p., 
maxillary pnlpl: Ibr, labrum. 
