88 
MEMOIES OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
Abdomen cyliiulrical, sometimes {Heieroeampa pulverea) with a row of dorsal tufts, besides 
the one often present at the base on tlie first abdominal segment. 
The Notodontidm are associated with the Ceratocampidm, Saturniidm, and Ilemileucidm, both 
as regards their larvml and adult characters. In the moths the head clniracters are somewhat like 
those of the Satnruians, the clypeus being large and longer than wide, while there are but three 
branches <»f the cubital vein in either pair of wings. 
Larval characters . — The body is noctuiforin, and either smooth and unarmed, or with simple 
subdorsal lines, or gaily banded and sx)otted, and armed either with double or simide tubercles, 
situated either on the eighth abdominal segment alone or on other abdominal segments. These 
tubercles may be double at the end and nutant, or the single one on the eighth abdominal segment 
may bear a horn and tlie larv^a become sphinx-like. Often the body is hairy and banded, but not 
usually (except in Datana) both hairy and banded. The eggs low, hemispherical, usually reticulated. 
The pupa obtected, with no vestigial characters; either unarmed or with a well-developed 
cremaster. It is either subterranean or more usually protected by a thin, rarely dense, silken 
cocoon. 
Tliere are seven well-marked groups of the family which may be regarded as of the rank of 
subfiimilies. The most generalized of these groups appear to be the Pyg^erinm, the Ghiphisinm 
seeming to be a side branch, which has undergone reduction and modification in each stage. 
SYNOPSIS OF THE SUBFAMILIES OF NOTODONTIDyE. 
Head small, auteume short; palpi feeble; wings short. Larva noctiiiform; body plain green, banded with yellow, 
sometimes with pink dorsal patches Crhqyhmnw 
Head broad in front; fore wings broad and falcate; antonute heavily pectinated to the tips; abdomen three-tufted 
at tip. Larva with the body hidden by long wool-like bait with short sparse hairs, likeGastropacha. Apatelodinm 
Autenme ciliated; body and wings reddish ocherous, fore wings crossed by from four to five straight parallel lines. 
Larva brightly banded and very hairy; no warts except in stage I Pygarincc 
Antenna? densely i>ectiuated; wings short and hard. Larva banded, either with small warts or with two large 
dorsal tubercles Ichtkyurhm 
Antenna? usually but slightly pectinated; rarely plumose; fore wings more or less rounded at apex; internal edge 
with a tuft. Larva either smooth or with two to eight abdominal humps Noiodoniinoi 
Head tufted on the vertex; antenna? filiform on the distal fourth; vestiture of end of abdomen often forked. Larva 
either smooth or with high nutant dorsal humps; end of body elevated; anal legs more or less slender and 
rarely (Macruvocampa) forming stemapoda Helcrocaminnoi 
Head large, front broad, triangular; antennse pectinated to the tips in both sexes. Larva? with the anal legs con- 
verted into stemapoda or long filaments; the thoracic legs in the Eurasian Siauropus very long Ctrurinev 
Subfamily L— Gluphisin^. 
Moth . — Head small, not promiueut, broad in front; eyes hairy; anteunm shorter than usual, 
with long pectinations extending to the tips. Palpi small, feeble, slender, not reaching the front. 
Thorax either smooth or well crested. 
Fore wii»gs shorter and broader than usual; apex of hind wings moderately produced. No 
subcostal cell; the first subcostal venule of the hind wings varying much in length, usually very 
short. Legs densely scaled, the scales spreading out ou each side. Abdomeu short, tapering in 
6 rapidly to the end. 
The species are ash-gray, varying in being whiter or darker in hue. But a single genus yet 
known. 
Ugg. — Low, flattened, hemispherical, of smaller size than in the other subfamilies; surface 
of shell smooth. 
Larva . — Body noctuiform, tapering toward each end, smooth, entirely unarmed; green, with 
two subdorsal yellow lines, and either plain green or with dorsal pink-red spots. Freshly hatched 
larva with a large round head wider than the body, which is long and slender, tapering toward 
the end, entirelj' unarmed, svith the sutures deep, segments not wrinkled. 
Cocoon . — Veiy thin and slight, spun between the leaves. 
Ihtpa . — Of unusual shape, being flattened, oval cylindrical; end of abdomeu round and blunt;, 
cremaster obsolete, with no spines. Darker in color than usual. 
