MEMOIRS OF THE KATIOXAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
145 
Fiqm , — Body stout and thick, not tapering much to the end. Surface of the abdominal 
pegmentvS moderately punctured, the two last segments quite smooth. The cremaster ends in a 
conical stout spine, broad at the base and shai p at the end, the point terminating in an unusual 
kind of armature which, seen from above or beneath, consists of four laterally radiating, slightly 
upturned, stout spinules, the lower ones considerably smaller than the distal ones. Length, 
22-23 mm. 
JIabiU , — The caterpillar is most commonly found on the oak. Dr. TTarris found it on the 
oak, the moth occurring June 20. By the middle or last of September, in New England (Maine 
and Rhode Island), it begins to pupate, not spinning a cocoon, and probably entering the ground 
before assuming the chrysalis state. In Ib-ovidence it occurred on the white oak, in Jlaine on the 
red oak. In Georgia, according to Smith and Abbot, it “feeds on the chestnut oak and other 
oaks. It went into the ground October 10 and came out March 13, Another went in June 1 and 
came out the 19th of the same month.” It is therefore double-brooded in the Gulf States and 
single brooded in the North. The following notes on 
its habits have been given us by Professor Riley: 
A pair of this uioth -were taken May 2, 1882, from the eggs 
of which larva* hatched on the 9th. They went through their 
first molt May 15; second, May 22; third, May 2(5, and fourth, 
May 31. Pupatcal June 12^0 It. The moths issued from June 
26 to July 10. Several larva' of this moth were found by heat- 
ing on oak June 20 and July 10, 1882. The larvie are now very 
plentiful and of all sizes, on several oaks. (5th Rep. U. S. 
Ent. Comm.) 
Food plants . — Oak (Quercusof different species), 
maple (Liutner), maple, white birch, sugar plum 
(Dyar). (The statement in my Forest Insects, ]>. 414, 
that Mr. Reed had found it on the maple, is an error.) 
Geographical disiribution . — Ranges from Maine 
and Canada northward to Oi’egnn and California, 
occurring southward on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts to Florida, Georgia, and Texas. 
Amherst, Mass. {'Mrs. Fernald). I have a S collected June 21 on the Vermejo River, 
northeastern New Mexico, by Lieut. W. L. Carpenter, of the Wheeler survey. Plattsburg, N. Y. 
marked success. A series calculuted with the ratio 0.5)5 would give O.ll, 0.75, 1.27, 2.30, 1.3, and one witli the ratio 
0.73 or thereabout would interpolate a term between each one and give 0.41, 0.55, 0.75, 0.96, 1.27, 1.7, 2.3, 3.15, 4.3. 
Thus it might ho considered either that the species normally had eight stages (ratio, 0.73) and omitted the second and 
fourth normal stages, or that ithad normally liv^o stages (ratio, 0.55), hut interpolated a stage between the third and 
fourth normal stages, and reduced the measurement in the last stage to coiTes 2 )Oud with the ratio between those 
that immediately preceded it. The latter seems the more probable, hut the fact is that the growth of the head at 
the first and second molts is double what it is at the third, fourth, and fifth. It is a curious case. 
Xadaia oregonensis Butler. 
This was described as a variety of X. doubledayi Pack. ; hut Mr. Butler writes me under date of June 30, 1892: 
The types « * ** have pale creamy buff-colored palpi ; quite uniform in tint # * # if there is a brown line 
above it must ho on the second .joiiit, hut I do not think there is one ^ ^ looking at the moth without a lens 
you would say the fringe was dark ferruginous on primaries * * ^ and white tijipcd on interspaces,^’ These 
are the characters used to separate X. gihhosa from I). douhU.-dayi in Dr. Packard's description, and Mr. Butler’s words 
show that his form is not a variety of X, doubledayi, but the same as Hy. Edwards’s X. behreusH. 
1881 — Butler, Ann. and Mag, Kat. Hist., p. 317. 
behrenaii Ily. Edwards. 
1885 — Hy. Edw,, Ent. Amer., i, 49. 
Egg . — Rather more than hemispherical, the base flattened; smooth, not shiny, white with a yellowish tinge; 
diameter, 1.2 mm. Under a microscope the surface is seen to ho covered with very slight, obscure, rounded dejiros- 
sions, hut, is in fact, almost smooth. 
Laid singly on the underside of the leaves of its food plants in early summer. 
Normal Stage / (first larval stage). — Head slightly hilobed, rounded, shining pale greenish with a few hairs; 
mouth brownish, ocelli black; width, 0.75 mm. Body slender, uo tubercles or humps; feet normal, smooth, shiny, 
pale yellowish green. Sette minute, rather long hut not evident, color blackish. As the stage advances great 
S. Mis. 50 10 
