2§2 
THE PILCHARD. 
oil extrafied from them, are fold for about forty- nine 
thoufand pounds. 
But the great benefit arifing from the pilchard fifhery, 
is the employment it affords to a number of feamen, 
which are thus trained up for the defence of the nation. 
A variety of hands, too, are employed on fliore, in the 
different operations of faking, preffing, waffling, and 
cleaning the fifn, as well as the trades people, who de- 
pend upon the conftructiou and fiale of boats, pets, ropes, 
and cafks *. 
'if he Anchovy f. 
T his fpecies is taken in the Mediterranean , and export™ 
ed, pickled, to the different nations of Europe. Before 
falting, the head and vifeera are taken away ; and in this 
Bate they are ate raw, with vinegar and oil. They arc 
fuppofed to give wine an excellent relifh ; but probably 
their chief merit confifts in bracing the ftomach, after be- 
ing relaxed by exceffive drinking. 
Near a century ago, the anchovy was found at the 
mouth of the river Dee J ; and fince that time has hardly 
ever been deemed an inhabitant of our feas. The length of 
this fpecies is from four to fix inches ; the body {lender, 
but thicker in proportion than that of the herring : The 
eyes 
* Borelafe’s Cornwall. 
| Clupea encraficolus, Lin. Syft. Anchovy, Willough, 
| Ray’s Letters, 47. 
