GUAYMAS. 
469 
is the beautiful palm. This park possesses an histori- 
cal interest, having been the scene of a bloody action 
during the civil war between Urrea and Gandera. 
The valley produces annually about 25,000 fanegas 
(65,600 bushels) of wheat; 10,000 fanegas (26,250 
bushels) of maize, and about 5000 fanegas of other 
cereals. Yegetables are not cultivated to any con- 
siderable extent; onions, sweet potatoes, chili, and 
pumpkins constituting the entire supply. It is true 
there may be some others cultivated, but they are not 
common. Cacahuates (pea-nuts) are also raised here. 
Of fruits there is a great abundance, including grapes, 
melons, figs, oranges, limes, lemons, citron, peaches, 
and pomegranates. The figs are very fine; but the 
people do not know how to preserve them. The 
guava and plantain have lately been introduced, and 
are found to succeed. But the vine is most exten- 
sively cultivated; not less than 1500 barrels of brandy, 
of 125 cuartillos each, are annually made. Of the 
quantity of wine made I have no knowledge ; but that 
it is superior to that of the Bio Grande there is no 
question. Cotton was formerly cultivated, and found 
to be of an excellent quality ; but the plants became 
diseased, and it is not now raised to any extent. The 
sugar cane does not flourish here ; nevertheless, the 
Ceris Indians of the Pueblo cultivate enough to sup- 
ply themselves with panoche (sugar) ; and it has lately 
been tried near the coast with so much better success 
that it is believed it may yet be produced in a suffi- 
cient quantity to supply the State, if not for exporta- 
tion. There is an extraordinary fertility in the bottom- 
lands of Sonora ; though I do not know that they sur- 
