AND THE CASAS GRANDES. 263 
be safe in saying, that the system is more extensively 
and methodically practised than elsewhere. The Yu- 
mas, and other tribes on the Colorado irrigate their 
lands, and raise wheat, corn, melons, etc. The Mogquis 
and the Navajos, far to the north, do the same; and 
the warlike Apaches, who are more nomadic in their 
habits than any tribe west of the Rocky Mountains, 
raise corn when driven to extremities. But the Pimos 
and Coco-Maricopas have made agriculture more of a 
system. Their lands are better irrigated, their crops 
are larger, and the flour which they make from their 
wheat and maize is quite as good as the Mexicans 
make, except in their grist-mills. 
Tam inclined to think that Major Emory in his 
Report has greatly over-estimated the number of these 
people. He states, that ‘‘the population of the Pimos 
and Coco-Maricopas together is estimated variously at 
from three to ten thousand, and that “ the first is evi- 
dently too low.’”* From information obtained from the 
chiefs, and the Mexican officers in Sonora, I should 
not place them above two thousand. Captain John- 
ston,+ another officer attached to the army under 
General Kearney’s command, in estimating them as 
embracing ‘‘ over two thousand souls,” came very near 
the mark. Of the number stated by me, I was told 
that two thirds were Pimos. 
Their complexion is a dark brown, differing from 
that of the red-skins east of the Rocky Mountains, and 
from the olive cast of the California tribes. The 
women have good figures, with full chests and finely 
*Emory’s Report, p. 86. + Johnston’s Report, p. 599. 
