428 
Birds of Celebes: Oampophagidae. 
of course nothing to do with mimicry. Either, one form has given rise to the 
other without change of coloration, or, the two forms have independently deve- 
loped in coloration in the same direction, owing to the action of light upon the 
feather-pigments, as mentioned supra under Graucalus bicolor. 
The traces of bars in the dress of the female are especially interesting as 
compared with the longitudinal shaft-streaks on the breast of the young, the 
former appear to point to more recent, the latter to more ancient ancestry, 
though we are not yet able to define this more exactly. 
Another species which corresponds in coloration sex for sex somewhat 
closely with L, leucopygiahs is Muscicapula westermanni. 
165. LALAGE TIMORENSIS (S. Miill.). 
Timorese Lalage. 
a. Ceblepyris timorensis (1) S. Miill., Verh. Natuurk. Comm. 1839—44, 190. 
h. Campephaga timorensis {1) Gray, Gen. B. 1846, I, 283, Nr. 47; (2) id, KL 1869 I 
339, Nr. 5118. ’ ’ 
Lalage timorensis (1) Bp., Consp. 1850, I, 355; (2) Hartl., J. f. O. 1865, 165; (3) Salvad., 
Cat. Ucc. Borneo 1874, 147; {4) Vorderman, N. Tdschr. Ned. Ind. 1886, XLVI, 
229; (5) Everett, J. Str. Br. B. A. S. 1889, 126; (6) Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Ind. 
1895, LIV, 337 ; (1) M. & Wg., Abh. Mns. Dresden 1896, Nr. 1, p. 10. 
c. Lalage leucophaea (1) Wall, (nec Vieill.), P. Z. S. 1863, 485. 
d. Lalage timoriensis (1) Finsch, Neu Guinea 1866, 172; (2) Sharpe, Mitth. Mns. Dresd. 
1878, m, 371; (3) id.. Cat. B. 1879, IV, 94; (4) Guillem., P. Z. S. 1885, 506; 
(5) Heine & Echw., Nomcncl. Mus. Hein. 1890, 67; {6] Biittik, Notes Leyden 
Mns. 1891, 212; (7) id., ib. 1892, 198; {8} id., Zool. Erg. Weber’s Reise in Ost- 
Ind. 1893, HI, 286; Nov. Zool. 1896, 156, 165, 171, 182, 548, 561, 569, 
581, 595; (10) id., ib. 1897, 158. 
e. Lalage dominica (1) Lenz (nec Muller), J. f. O. 1877, 374 [?]; (2) Meyer, Ibis 1879 • 
130; (3) W. Bias., J. f. O. 1883, 124, 147. 
f. Lalage timoriensis var. eelebensis (1) Meyer, Isis, Dresden 1884, 30; (2) W. Bias Ztschr 
ges. Orn. 1886, 115. ’ ' 
g. Lalage riedelii (1) Meyer, Isis, Dresden 1884, 29. 
Descriptions. S. Muller a I) Hartlaub 2; Sharpe d 3. 
Adult male. Above greenish black; lower back, rump and upper tail-coverts pale 
smoke-grey; lesser wing-coverts and inner greater wing-coverts white, with 
spots of black along the shaft'); inner quills broadly bordered externally with 
white; a fine white streak from nostril over the eye ; malar region, ear-coverts, 
sides of neck and entire under parts white; edge of wing marked with black; 
distal ends and outer webs of quills below dusky, inner webs — nearly as 
far in the longer primaries as the ends of the secondaries — pure white; tail- 
feathers narrowly tipped with white, more broadly on the two outer pairs (10 mm, 
7 mm), inner webs wliite towards base under the under tail-coverts (Batubassi, north 
of Macassar, q^, Nov. 1871: Meyer — Nr. 13617). 
Adult female. Above dark broccoli-brown, becoming smoke-grey on the lower back, rump. 
1) The black spots appear to be lost in old birds. 
