Birds of Celebes; Artamidae. 
431 
c. Artamus leucorhynehus (1) Gray (nec L.), Gen. B. 1845, I, 283; (2) Wald Tr Z R 
1S72, Vni; ( 3 ) Hume, Str. H 1874, IV, 214; ( 4 ) galvad.. Cat. Ucc. Borneo 
1874, 140; (5) Meyer, Ibis 1879, 129, 146; (6) Guillem., P. Z. S. 1885, 257 409 
505, 553; (7) Hartert, J. 1 0. 1887, 356; (8) Sharpe, Ibis 1890,’ 28o’ (9) 
vorderm., Votes Leyden Mus. 1891, 125. ’ 
Artamus leucogaster ( 1 ) Gray, Gen. B. 1845, 1, 285; (2) Bernst., J. f. 0. 1859, 268; Nat. 
dsclrr. Ned. Ind. 1860, XXII, 21; ( 3 ) Sharpe, Rowley’s Orn. Misc. 1878, IH, 
184-187; (4) Salvad., Orn. Pap. 1881, II, 167—171; (5) Meyer, Verb. z.-b. Ges.’ 
Wien 1881, 766; (6) W. Bias., J. f. 0. 1883, 115, 137; (7) id,, Ztschr. ges. Orn. 
A ’ Biittik., Notes Leyd. Mus. 1887, 46; (9) North, Nests and Eggs 
AusfcB. 1889, 43; (10) Everett, J. Str. Br. B.. A. S. 1889, 144; (11) Sharpe, 
n Salvad., Orn. Pap. Agg. 1891, 93; (13) Hartert, 
U. 1891, 203; (14) id., Kat. Senckenb. Mus. 1891, 78; (15) Salvad., Ann. Mus. 
Civ. Gen. 1891, 56; (16) Biittik., Notes Leyd. Mus. 1892 198; (17)i&.,Zoo\ Erg 
Weber’s Reise in Ost-Ind. 1893, HI, 278, 286; (18) Sharpe, Ibis 1894, 252, 259; 
Not- Zool. 1894, 475; (20) Bourns & Worces., B Menage Exp. 1894, 
o9; (21) Hart., Nov. Zool. 1895, 469; (22) Grant, Ibis 1895, 258; f'25)M & Wg ’ 
Abb. Mus. Dresd. 1895, Nr. 8, p. 9; (24) iid., ib. 1896, Nr. 2, p. 15; (25) Grant’ 
^'^4, 547, 568, 575, 583, 
^ (JLXVII) Meyer, Vogelskel. 1897, H, pi. OCXVHI. 
e IHtamr eelebensis (1) Briigg,, Abh. Ver. Bremen 1876, V, 69. 
^■ Artamus eelebensis ( 1 ) Tweedd., Ibis 1878, 386.5' 
^Maspas”, Mnahassa, Meyer c 5. 
P«“tej” (jnv.), Nat. Coll. 
“Mamr l'«nkean and Balante, E. Celebes, Nat. Coll. 
Fo f ’ PHing and Banggai, Nat. Coll. 
or further synonymy and references see Salvador! 4, 12, and Sharpe 5, 11 (omitting 
Fiff ^^^^<^schenbroc1n Meyer and references thereto). 
ures and descriptions. Valenc. a I; Gould b II, h 5; Meyer XXFJI (skeleton); Hume 
e Salvad. 4; Sharpe 11. 
Above mouse-grey, becoming drab on back, scapulars and rump; upper tail- 
head-^ ^ '''bite, cliin, throat and upper chest mouse-grey, concolorous with the 
reo-"’ under parts, including under wing-coverts, white; loral 
n^i 1 quills below grey, becoming nearly white at their bases 
( . elebes, C 3493). Bill bluish; feet bluish grey; claws blackish — Meyer c 5. 
IS rown Gould h 3 ; bi’ownish — Meyer e 5; black (q^) — D’Albertis 4; 
eep chocolate (^f) _ Sharpe 7; blue-grey (cf) — Platen 7; dark brown (o’) — 
orderman; brown (Q) — Vorderman, Platen (see W. Bias. 7); “as a rule 
teep rown, in one specimen deep slaty blue” (Andaman Is.: Davison c 5). It 
appears ijrobable that, as in the case of Cacatua sulphurea, the colour of the iris 
changes with age. 
Similar. 
Differs from the adult in having the feathers of the upper surface, especially on the 
wing-coverts, scapulars and lower back, tipped with cinnamon; lores dusky, supra- 
oral region cinnamon; throat w'ashed with whitish; under surface white, faintly barred 
with pale cinnamon; quills and tail tipped with whitish; bill flatter, brown (in skin] 
bluish tow’ards the base (Banka Id, off the Minahassa, 0 12167, C 12166 17**1 and 
18*’' May, 1893 — Nat. Coll.). 
Adult. 
Sexes. 
Young 
