436 
Birds of Celebes: Dicruridae. 
distinguishing characters (though not in size) between it and the typical form 
of Celebes. B. leucops should, therefore, be held to consist of the two sub- 
species, the typical D. leucops and D. leucops axillaris, while the Siao birds may 
be known as B. leucops — axillaris. 
1. The typical Dicrurus leucops. 
a. Dicrurus leucops (1) Wall., P. Z. S. 1865, 478; (2) Gray, HL. I, 1869, 285 Nr. 4224- 
(3) Wald., Tr. Z. S. 1872, VUI, 70; (4) Salvad., Ann. Mus. Ciy. Gen. 1875 VII 
658; fSJ Briigg., Abh. Ver. Bremen 1876, V, 72; ffJJ Lenz, J. f 0 1877 ' 375- 
m Meyer, Ibis 1879, 131, 146; ( VTIIJ id., Abb. v. Vogelskel. 1882, I, p.21, pP 
XXVI; (9) W. Bias., J. f. 0. 1883, 125, 137; (10) M. & Wg., Abh. Mus. Dresd. 
1895, Nr. 8, p. 10; (ll)ud., ib. 1896, Nr. 1, p. 10; (12) iid., ib. 1896, Nr. 2, p 15- 
(13) Hart., Nov. Zool. 1896, 155, 168; (14) id., ib. 1897, 162. 
b. Dicrurus pectoralis part. (1) Pinscb, Neu Guinea 1865, 170. 
c. Chibia leucops G; Sharpe, Oat. B. IH, 1877, 241; (2) Guillem., P. Z. S. 1885, 554- 
(3) Hickson, Nat. in N. Celebes 1889, 91; (4) Biittik., Zool. Erg. Weber’s Reise 
Ost-Ind. 1893, HI, 278. 
d. Dicruropsis leucops fl) Sharpe, Mittb. Mus. Dresd. 1878, IH, 361 (Celebes, Siao, Great 
Sangi); (2) Salvad., Atti Ac. Sc. Tor. 1878, XHI, 1185; (3) id., Orn. Pap. H, 1881 
174; (4) Meyer, Isis, Dresden 1884, 6, 31 (Siao); (B) W. Bias., Ztschr. ges. Orn! 
1885, 281; 1886, 1 17; (G) Platen, Gefied. Welt 1887, 205; (7) W Bias Ornis 
1888, 637 (Siao). ^ ’ 
“Burong gunting”, Malay name (= Scissor-bird), Minabassa, Meyer a 7, Guillemard c ^ 
Nat. Coll. 
“Titikak”, Minabassa, iid. 
“Kesi”, Tonkean and Balante, E. Celebes, iid. 
‘■Tschibang”, Tjamba Distr., Platen d 5. 
“Karangsinga”, Siao, Tagulandang, and Biarro, Nat. Coll. 
Descriptions. Sharpe cl] Briiggeinann a .7; W. Blasius d B. 
Adult. Black: — feathers of crown, sides of neck, throat, and breast vvith broad 
tips of metalhc steel-blue, greener on the breast; back and scapulars velvety black 
the latter slightly metallic; wings and tail metallic steel-green; forehead, sides 
of head, chin, and under surface below the breast velvety black; under 
wing-coverts metalhc; wings and tail below shining dusky black, the two outer- 
most tad-feafters lengthened and curved outwards and upwards towards the ends 
(N. Celebes, C. 3590). His white (Wallace a 1, Meyer « 7, Platen d5, Guille- 
mard c 2, etc.); feet, claws, and bill black [a 7, d S, e 2). 
Sexes. Alike in coloration. 
Remark. In some old individuals some fine liare shafts arise from the base of the fore- 
head, growing backwvard as far as the nai)e (C 12193, C 3590) 
Variation. In most specimens from Celebes, the islands off the coast', and Siao, but parti- 
cularly in the younger individuals, the under ulng-coverts and axillaries are more or 
less tipped with white. These tips are best developed in specimens from Siao which 
are sometimes (C 12594 and 12595) inseparable from axUlaris of Great Sangi 
Nestling. Very like the adult, but the under surface glossless sooty black, without metallic 
tips on the throat and breast; upper surface glossed with )due -black on head and 
mantle but without metallic tips. Wings glossed with metallic green and blue as in 
the adult: “iris brown” (cf, Tomohon, 21. lY. 94: Sarasin Coll.), 
oung. Like the adult, but the iris sepia (P. & E. Sarasin), the lateral tail-feathers much 
