Birds of Celebes: Sturnidae. 
555 
to India, C.chalyhea 'Horsf.), as the type, whereas the Philippine form received 
its name from Scopoli 37 years earlier. In this article seven races are treated 
of. After very carefully comparing a series of adults from the Philippines and 
the Northern Peninsula of Celebes, we find ourselves unable to make out any 
differences between the birds from the latter locality, hitherto known as C. neglecta, 
Wald., and the typical panayensis of the Philippines; these birds we therefore 
unite. On the other hand it is clear from Sharpe’s investigations that racial 
differences are prominent in birds from N. W. India {C. a0nis A. Hay); yet Dr. 
Sharpe does not consider it advisable, or indeed possible, to distinguish this 
deviation by name from C. p. chalyhea of -Java , Borneo , Sumatra and Malacca, 
because “Tenasserim specimens are thoroughly intermediate, and it is impossible 
to find where the range of either form ends in the Burmese jirovinces”. 
In a more striking manner the Sangi race , hitherto known as C. sangiremis 
Salvad., intergrades with birds from the mainland of Celebes, the intermediate 
forms being furnished by the islands off the Minahassa and those midway between 
Celebes and Sangi. 
We therefore find it more convenient to treat of this wide-spread form in 
the following way : 
1. The typical Galornis panayensis. 
a. Le petit Merle ou Musicien de I’isle de Panay (I) Sonn., Voy. N. Guiii. 1776, 115, pi. 73. 
b. Muscicapa panayensis (1) Scop., Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr. 1783, 11, 96; (2) Wald. 
Tr. Z. S. Vm, 1872, 79. 
c. Turdus cantor (1) Gm., S. N. 1788,1, 837; (II) Kittl., Kuijfert. Vog. 1832, II, 11, pi. 5, fig.l. 
d. Calornis panayensis (1) Gray, HL. II, 1870, 26, Nr. 6373; (2) Wald., Ibis 1872, 97; 
(2) id., Tr. Z. S. IX, 1875, 205, 251; (4) Sharpe, Ibis 1876, 46; (5) Tweedd., 
P. Z. S. 1877, 549, 763, 831; (6) id., ib. 1878, 113, 343, 710; (7) id., ib. 1879, 72; 
(8) Sharpe, Tr. L. 8. 1879, (2)1, 343, 353; (9) WardI Bams., Tweedd. Om. Works 
1881, 658; (10) A. Mull, J. f. O. 1882, 288; (11) Sharpe, Ibis 1884, 321; (12) 
Ward!. Earns., Ibis 1886, 162; (13) Sharpe, Ibis 1888, 202; (14) W. Bias., Ornis 
1888, 315; (15) Everett, J. Str. Br. E. A. 8. 1889, 144; (16) Steere, List Coll. 
B. &M. Philipp. Is. 1890, 23; (17) Whitehd., Ibis 1890, 56; (18) Sharpe, Oat. B. 
Xin, 1890, 149; (19) Hartert, J. f. 0. 1891, 203; (20) Sharpe, Ibis 1894, 250, 
257; (21) Bourns & Worces., B. Menage Exp. 1894, 37; (22) Everett, Ibis 1895, 
27, 36; (23) Grant, t. c. 260, 456; (24) M. & Wg., Abb. Mus. Dresd. 1895, Nr. 8, 
p. 14. 
e. Calornis neglecta (1) AVald., Tr. Z. S. VIII, 1872, 79, 113 (nec Sula); (2) Meyer, J. f. 
O. 1873, 405; (3) Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. G-en. 1875, Vn, 668; (4) Walden, 
Tr. Z. S. 1875, IX, 205; (5) Briigg., Abb. Ver. Bremen 1876, V, 78; (6) Sharpe, 
Bfis 1876, 46, partim (nec Sula); (7) Lenz, J. f. O. 1877, 376; (8) Meyer, Ibis 
1879, 134, 145; (9) id., Isis, Dresden 1884, 48; (10) Guillem., P. Z. 8. 1885, 556; 
(11) ^Y. Bias., Zt. ges. Orn. 1886, 124; (XII) Meyer, Vogelskel. 1886, I, pi. XCIV; 
(13) Hickson, Nat. in N. Celebes 1889, 92, pt.; (14) Sharpe, Oat.B.Xin, 1890, 148. 
f. Calornis metallicus (1) Eosenb. (nec Temm.), Malay. Ai'chip. 1878, 273. 
“Sie” (Meyer e 8) or “Sije itam”, Malay, Celebes (Nat. Coll.). 
“Tanggo-lippo”, Celebes, Eosenb. f 1. 
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