556 
Birds of Celebes: Sturnidae. 
For further synonymy and references cf. Sharpe d 18. 
Figures and descriptions. Kittlitz c J/; Meyer e XII (skeleton); Walden el] Briigge- 
niann e 5; Sharpe d 18. 
Diagnosis of adult. Size large (wing 102—114 m 24 adults from Celebes and the Pliilippines) ; 
coppeiy-green tints strongly expressed (in two-tliirds of the specimens being stronger 
than in adults from Java). 
Distribution. Pluh’ppine Islands — throughout (d 3, d 8, d 9, d 12, d 16) inch Sooloo (Everett 
d 20]; Northern Peninsida of Celebes (Meyer e 2, e 8, Eischer e 5 etc.); Tahssi Id. 
(Guillemard e 10, Hickson e 13); Manado tua, Mantehage and Banka (Nat. Coll.); 
Togian (Meyer e 8). 
2. Calornis panayensis chalybea (Horsf.). 
g. Turdus chalybeus (1) Horsf., Tr. L. S. XHI, 1821, 148. 
h. Calornis cantor (1) Blyth, J. A. S. B. XHI, 1844, 366. 
i. Calornis chalybea (or chalybeus) (1) Horsf. & Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. 1856, H, 
543; (2) Salvad., Cat. Ucc. Borneo 1874, 271; (3) Kelham, Ibis 1881, 143; (4) 
A. Mull, J. f. O. 1882, 387, pt.; (5) Blittik., Notes Leyd. Mus. EX, 1887, 71; (6) 
Everett, J. Str. Br. E. A. S. 1889, 143; (7) Oates, ed. Hume’s Nests & Eggs Ind. 
B. , I, 1889, 367, pt.; (8) id.. Faun. Br. Ind. B., I, 1889, 514, pt.; (9) Hartert, J. f. 
O. 1889, 355; (10) Sharpe, Cat. B. XIII, 1890, 143, pt.; (11) Vorderman, N. T. 
Ned. Ind. 1891, L, 497; (12) id.. Notes Leyden Mus. 1891, XIH, 128; (13) Salvad., 
Ann. Mus. Civ. G-en. 1891, 71; (14) Hose, Ibis 1892, 402. 
For further synonymy cf. Salvad. i 2. 
Description. Sharpe ^ 10. 
Diagnosis. Size small (wing 94 — 101 in four adults from Java), plumage duller, 'with less of 
coppery-green. 
Distribution. Java (Horsfield g 1, i 10, etc.); Billiton (Vorderman ji H, i 12); Borneo 
(Mottley etc. i 2, i 6); Sumatra (Raffles etc. i 2, i 10); Singapore (Davison i 10, 
Kelham i 3); Malay Peninsula (Cantor, etc. i 2, i 4, i 10). 
3. Calornis panayensis afflnis (Hay). 
j. “Calornis affinis (A. Hay)” (1) Blyth, j. A. S. B. XIH, 1844, 366; (2) Hume, Str. P. 
1877, 38; (3) Sharpe, Cat. B. XIH, 1890, 144. 
Calornis chalybea (1) Oates, B. Br. Burmah 1883, I, 390, pt.; (2) id. ^ 7, pt.; (3) id. 
i 8, pt. ; (4) Sharpe i 10, pt. 
For further references cf. Sharpe i 10. 
Description. Sharpe ^ 10. 
Diagnosis. Size large (wing 106 — 109 mm); always with a more or less distinct bronzy purple 
gloss on the under-parts (Sharpe i 10). 
Distribution. N. W. India — Tipperah, Dacca, Cachar (i 8, i 10). 
Calornis panayensis chalybea — affinis. 
1. Calornis chalybea (1) Hume & Davison, Str. F. VI, 1878, 394; (2) Oates, B. Br. Burmah 
1883, I, 390, pt.; (3) id. i 7, i 8, pt.; (4) Sharpe i 10, pt. 
Description. Hume and Davison 11. 
Diagnosis. Latermediate between the subspecies 2 and 3. 
Distribution. The Burmese countries (1 1, i 10). 
