Birds of Celebes: Sturnidae. 
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4. Calornis panayensis tytleri (Hume). 
m. Calornis tytleri (1) Hume, Str. F. I, 1873, 480; (2) id., ib. H, 1874, 253; (3) Sharpe, 
Cat. B. Xin, 1890, 146, subsp. 
For further references cf. Sharpe m 3. 
Descriptions. Hume ml, Sharpe m3. 
Diagnosis. Size large (mng 106 — 120 mm), plumage darker and more sombre, udth a dark 
metallic green gloss (Hume m 1). Irides in adults “white, opalescent white, fleshy 
white, pale pink, brown, deep brown, deep red-brown and deep orange”, — in adults 
of the other fonns the eyes are commonly said to be crimson. 
Distribution. Andaman and Hicobar Islands (Davison etc. m 1, m 2, m 3). 
5. Calornis panayensis sangirensis (Salvad.). 
n. Calornis sanghirensis (Ij Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. IX, 1876, 60; (2) Meyer, Isis, 
Dresden 1884, 6, 48; (3) W. Bias., Ornis 1888, 606, 642; (4) Hickson, Nat. in 
N. Celebes 1889, 191; (5) Sharpe, Cat. B. XIH, 1890, 149; (6) M. (feWg., J. f. 
O. 1894, 247; (7) iid., Ahh. Mus. Dresd. 1895, Nr. 9, p. 6. 
0 . Calornis neglecta pt. (1) Hickson, Nat. in N. Celebes 1889, 92. 
“Singgalore maitung” ad., Great Sangi and Siao, Nat. Coll. 
“Singgalore mawira” juv.. Great Sangi, Nat. Coll. 
“Singgalore hungiung” juv., Siao, Nat. Coll. 
“Sanggeloka”, Talaut Is., Nat. Coll. 
Diagnosis. Like C. panayensis of North Celebes, but much larger, and with a relatively larger 
bill (Great Sangi, Nat. Coll. — C 12685, etc.). Bill and feet black, iris blood-red 
(Platen n 3). 
Measurements (18 adult examples from Gt. Sangi, Siao, and Talaut). "Wing 113 — 124 mm; 
bill from nostril 15 — 18.5. 
Sexual differences of coloration are not known to exist. Dr. Platen’s hunters indicated five 
specimens in the above plumage as males, and five in the striped plmnage of the 
young as females, but m allied forms the sexes are known to be similar and such no 
doubt is the case in this bird also. 
Eggs. Some broken fragments in a nest obtained by our collectors show that the eggs of 
this species resemble those of the typical C. panayensis and C. metaUica, viz: ground- 
colour bluish wliite, with scanty spots of lilac and blackish brown. 
Nest. Long oval, or, better, fusifonn; about 350 X 150 mm, a cup-shaped hole in the widest 
2 iart, about 70 mm across by 60 deej). A rather loose structure of hits of stick, 
stalks and tendrils of climbing-plants (Great Sangi or Siao: Nat. Coll. — C 12538 
and others). 
Distribution. Sangi and Talaut: — Siao (Meyer n 2, Nat. Coll), Great Sangi (Bruijn n 1, 
Meyer n 2, Platen n 3, Nat. Coll.), Karkellang, Kabruang and Salibabu (Nat. Coll. 
n 6, 11 7), Nanusa — if identical (Hickson o 1). 
Calornis panayensis — sangirensis. 
Diagnosis. Intermediate between the Celebes-Philij^jDine birds and those of Sangi-Talaut. 
Measurements. (9 adult examples). Wing 112 — 121 mm; bill fr-om nostril 15 — 16.5. See also 
measimements below. 
Distribution. Tagulandang, Kuang, and Biarro, between North Celebes and Sangi (Nat. Coll.). 
Observation. Large specimens from the islands off the north coast of Celebes, Manado tua 
and Lembeh, afford further gradations to the ordinary C. panayensis. 
