558 
Birds of Celebes: Sturnidae. 
6. Calornis panayensis altirostris iSalvad.). 
p. Calornis altirostris (1) Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2j IV, (1886) 1887, 553, (2) Sharpe, 
Cat. B. Xiii, 1890, 117. 
Description. Salvad. f 1. 
Diagnosis. Like C. panmjemis chalybea, but darker, larger (wing 105 nun), and with a very 
stout and much higher bill (Salvad.). 
Remark. Dr. Sharpe remarks that this bu’d shovdd be carefully compared with C. panayensis 
tytleri. From Count Salvadori’s description it seems to be smaller and to have a 
differently-shaped hill, the last not being, as we should think, a very stable character, 
judging from its variation in Cakn'iiis panayensis sangirensis. 
Distribution. Nias Island off Sumatra (Modigl). 
7. Calornis panayensis enganensis (Salvad.). 
q. Calornis enganensis (1) Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2) XII, 1892, 137. 
Diagnosis. Like C. panayensis chalybea, but larger, with longer wings (115 mm), stouter bill 
[and when young not white below, striped with dusky, but entirely black]. If the 
young of tins race differ from those of the others in being always black, specific 
distinction must of course be admitted. 
Distribution. Engano Island, Sumatra (Modigliani). 
The species. 
Calornis panayensis as a Celebesian species may be described as follows: 
Adult. Entu-ely metallic coppery green on a black ground; quills and tail black, externally 
shaded with green except on the primaries; lores and base of the forehead velvety 
and black; the feathers of the head, neck, and throat hackle -shaped (cf, Tomohon, 
N. Celebes, 25. HI. 94, P. & F. Sarasin). 
Female. Like the male, but the hackle-feathers seem to be less developed. Bis red (g, Kema, 
27. X. 93: P. & F. Sarasin). 
Young. Dusky, dai'ker on the head; the feathers with obscure paler margins; below white, 
striped with dusky like the back (Minahassa: Faber — C 3509). Iris yellow, orange or 
pink, increasing, apparently, in intensity to deep red in the fully adult bird (Kelham i 3). 
Immature. The young in its second plumage is like the adult above — glossy green on a 
black ground; below white, or yellowish white, striped with glossy greenish black hke 
the back (Mantehage Id., 21. IV. 93: Nat. Coll — 0 12188). 
Measurements ladult specimens from the Celebesian subregion). 
Wing 
Tail 
Tarsus 
Bill from 
nostril 
a. (C 2435) g ad., N. Celebes, Limbotto, Vn.71 (Meyer) 
b. (Sarasin Coll.) g ad., N. Cel., Kema, 27. X. 93 . . 
c. (Sarasin Coll.) (f ad., N. Cel, Tomohon, 25. HI. 94 . 
d. (C 15613) ad., N. Celebes (Kiedel) 
e. [0 2425) ad., Manado, HI. 71 IMeyer) 
f. [C 5220) ad., Manado, (v. Musschenbroek) . . . . 
g. (C 12181) ad., Banka Id., 14. V. 93 (Nat. Coll.; . . 
/?. (C 12183) ad., Banka Id., 12. V. 93 (iid.) . . . . 
i. (C 12192) ad., Manado tua Id., 8. IV. 93 (iid.) . . . 
j. (C 12186) ad., Manado tua Id., 8. IV. 93 (iid.) . . . 
103 
105 
109 
108 
110 
109 
108 
111 
109 
111 
71 
69 
74 
69 
74 
74 
71 
76 
76 
74 
22 
13 
23 
13.5 
22.5 
14.5 
23.5 
13.5 
22 
12.5 
23 
13 
23 
13.5 
24 
13.8 
23 
13.8 
24 
14.8 
