Birds of Celebes; Oriolidae. 
589 
* 247. ORIOLUS FRONTALIS Wall. 
Sula Oriole. 
Oriolus frontalis (I) Wall, P. Z. S. 1862, 34(J, pi. -XL; (2) Finsch, Neu Guinea 1865, 
173; (3) Gray, HL. n, 1870, 292, Nr. 4309; (4) Cab., J. f. 0. 1872, 392, 393; 
(5) Sharpe, Cat. B. m, 1877, 204; (6) id., P. Z. S. 1879, 315; (7) Heine & Bchw., 
Nomencl. Mus. Hein. 1890, 112; (8) M. & Wg., Abli. Mus. Drcsd. 1896, Nr. 2, p. 19. 
a. Oriolus acrorhynchus jh. (Ij Schl., Mus. P.-B., Ooraces, 1867, 105 (Sulaj. 
h. Broderipus frontalis (1) Wald., Tr. Z. S. VIH, 1872, 61; (2) Wald. &Lay., Ibis 1872, 
101; (3) Wald., Ibis 1873, 306; (4) id., Tr. Z. S. IX, 1875, 185. 
c. Oriolus chinensis pt. (1) Guillem., P. Z. S. 1885, 261. 
“Simodui” or “Simodowu”, Peling and Banggai, Nat. Coll. 
Figure and descriptions. W allace J; Sharpe 5. 
Adult. Above and below brilhant deep lemon- yellow ; crown, occiput, sides of head 
to just below the eye, and lores black; forehead yellow; bastard-wing, re- 
miges, and tail black, the middle rectrices very narrowly, the lateral rectrices broadly 
tipjjed with yellow, attaining to a width of about 35 mm on the inner web of the 
outenuost (about 20 mm on the outer web), (ad. Banggai — C 1471 2). 
Immature. The yellow of the neck, mantle, and wing-coverts washed with olive; inner re- 
miges greenish ohve (with some black feathers of the adult dress intermingled); middle 
tail-feathers olive-green (Banggai — C 14714). 
Measurements (6 adults; Peling and Banggai). Wing 152 — 158 mm; tail 109 116; tarsus 
c. 26; bill from nostril 23.5 — 26. 
Young. Much paler than the adults, and having faint streaks of yellow on the head, the 
frontal plumes bemg narrowly tipped with black; wings brown externally; shaded 
with olive, the pu’imaries Avith grey; least wing-coverts bright yellow like the back, 
the greater series brown, externally Avith a broad margin of yelloAv; four middle 
tail-feathers dull olive-yellow, the second pair slightly blackish towards the tips, 
the rest of the feathers ohve-green at the base, and tipped with yelloAV principally 
on the hiner web, the blackish subterminal shade greatly increasing towards the outer- 
most feathers; entire under surface of body bright yellow, including the under 
wing- and tail-coverts (Sharpe 5). 
Distribution. Sula Islands; Sula Besi and Sula Mangoli (Allen I, 5, Bernstein and Hoedt 
al\ Pehng and Banggai (Nat. Coll, in Dresd. and Tring Mus.). 
According to Mr. Wallace, this species differs from O. acrorhynchus Vig. 
('= chinensis) of the Philippines in its richer and more uniform colour, longer- 
tail, jet-hlack rvings and middle tail-feathers, and the smallness of the yello-w 
frontal spot. Dr. Sharpe (6) says the only difference is the slightly greater- 
extent of yelloAV on the tail-feathers of the Philippine bird; and on comparing 
Peling and Banggaai examples with those of the Philippines and O. palawanensis 
we are at a loss to point out further reliable distinctions, though the yellow 
of the forehead seems to be more abruptly truncated behind. 
* 248. ORIOLUS BONERATENSIS M.&Wg. 
Bonerate Oriole. 
Oriolus boneratensis (1) M. & Wg., Abb. Mus. Dresd. 1896, Nr. 1, p. 16, (2) Hart., Nov. 
Zool. 1896, 169. 
