Birds of Celebes: Treronidae. 
615 
has been observed already (pp.252, 603); and in the same way the diffusion of a 
colour on to the parts which are placed in contact with it may be indirectly 
due to the mechanical action of light, on the same principle as the colours of 
pupae, which vary according to the colours of the papers upon which they 
are placed. (See, also, Graucalus bicolor, Lalage leucopygialis , Calidris arenmia, 
Limosa melanura, Hierococcyw crassirostris, Glareola). 
Dr. Guilleinard suggests some differences in the Sooloo race — larger size, 
the feathers of the breast less bifid; we are not acquainted with this form. 
GENUS CARPOPHAGA Selby. 
These Fruit-pigeons range in size from that of a Rock -dove upwards; the 
most usual colours are metallic green on the upj)er surface, grey on the head, 
neck, and crop, and grey or rufous below, though slaty, purple, and white also 
occur. The tarsus is feathered for about half its length, being less than in 
Ptilopm. MTng of variable length, generally rather long; tail of 1 4 rectrices, 
shorter than the wing, square — except in C. (Cryptophaps) poecilorrhoa in which 
it is strongly rounded. The genus ranges from India to Papuasia and the Fiji 
Islands, but not Australia, and Count Salvadori divides it into 6 subgenera 
(see, below, p. 626). 
263. CARPOPHAGA CONOINNA Wall. 
Insular Imperial Pigeon. 
Plate XXXIX. 
Carpophaga coneinna (1) Wall., Ibis 1865, 383, 398; (2) id., J. f. O. 1866, 280; (3) ScliL, 
Mas. P.-B., Col., 1873, 82; (4) Bruggem., Abli.Ver. Bremen V, 1876, 84; (5) Salvad., 
Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. IX, 1876, 62, 65, 200; (6) id., P. Z. S. 1878, 85, 89; ('7) Meyer, 
Verb. z.-b. Ges. Wien 1881, 772; (8) Salvad., Om. Pap. m, 1882, 81; (9) Sclat., 
P. Z. S. 1883, 51, 195, 200; (10) Forbes, ib. 1884,433; ('ll) Meyer, Isis, Dresden 
1884, 6, 51; (12) Biittik., Notes Leyden Mus. 1886, VIH, 66; (13) W. Bias., Ornis 
1888, 615, 642; (14) Hartert, J. f. 0. 1891, 301; (15) Salvad., Agg. Orn. Pap. 
1891, 181 ; (43) id.. Cat. B. XXI, 1893, 186; (17) Sharpe, Ann. & Mag. N. H. 1894 
LXXIX, 58; (18) M. & Wg., J. f. 0. 1894, 249, 250; (19) iid., Abb. Mus. Dresd. 
1895, Nr. 9, p. 7; (20) Hart., Nov. Zool. 1896, 179. 
a. Carpophaga roseinucha, part. (1) Scbl., Ned. Tdschr. Dierk. 1866, HI, 197, 344. 
b. Carpophaga paulina (1) Hickson (nec Bp.),- Nat. in N. Celebes 1889, 41. 
c. ? Carpophaga aenea, part. (1) Hartert, Kat. Vog. Slg. Senckenb. Mus. 1891, 189. 
“Arana”, Kabruang, Talaut, Nat. Coll. 
“Aheng”, Great Sangi, Siao, Tagulandang, Ruang and Biarro, iid. 
For further synonymy and references cf. Salvad. 10. 
Descriptions. Wallace 2; Salvadori 8, 16] M. & Wg. 18. 
Adult. Head, neck, mantle and under-parts pearl-grey, darker on the flanks, whitish 
on chin, a slight vinous tinge on nape and hind neck; frontal edge whitish; under 
tail-coverts chestnut; back, wng-coverts, and rump dark metallic golden-green, here 
