618 
Birds of Celebes; Treronidae. 
above nostrils to base red, iris deep red; eyelids red” — Wallace 3 l(^, Kema, 
26. X. 93: P. & F. Sarasin,. Wing 231 mm; tail 140, tarsns 31; culmen from 
cranial suture 31. 
Female. Just like tbe male (g, Tjamba Distr. 4. VT. 78: Platen — 0 13230). 
Young? Two examples moulting show many blue-tipped feathers (old feathers!) among the 
uniform golden-green ones (new feathers) of the upper surface; either the young shows 
strong blue reflections, or the feathers lose much of their golden-green hue and be- 
come blue throiigb wear (Manado tua, Aimil, 93: Nat. Coll. — C 12128; Mantehage, 
April, 1893: Xat. Coll. — C 12125). 
Measurements. 1.3 examples fi’oin the Xorthern Peninsula and the islands off the coast have 
-wing 218—231 mm; Peling and Banggai (5) wing 226—244 mm; Southern Peninsula 
(2 examples) wing 234—239'); East Celebes (4) wing 220—245. 
Variation. The Southern birds differ as follows from the Xorthem: size slightly larger, 
back a little more burnisbod brassy, tail above generally greener. 
Mr. Hartert fW) speaks of a specimen or specimens from Macassar as being 
•‘exactly like specimens from North Celebes”. In the Minahassa and the islands 
off the coast the tint of the uj)j)er surface varies from reddish coppery to coppery 
green. A few specimens have patches of myrtle -green above, best seen in two or 
tlu-ee examples from the islands of Manado tua and Mantehage; these are probably 
younger birds, the perfectly uniform ones older. 
East Celebes. None of the examples sent to the Dresden Museum from here 
showed inyi tie-green patches above, all being unifoi'm, and reddish or greenish coppery 
as in the Northern birds. 
Peling and Banggai. The specimens from these islands are also uniform 
and show the same tints as the East Celebes birds. Like the latter they are some- 
what largo in size. 
Egg. “The only egg obtained by Platen is from Burukan in the Minahassa; it measures 
43 X 38 mm and is very glossy white” (Nehrkoru MS.). 
Distribution. Celebes and Sula: — Talissi (Guillemard 10, Hickson 12], Lembeh, Banka, 
Manado tua and Mantehage (Nat. Coll.); Minahassa (Forsten 6, Wallace 3, etc.); 
Gorontalo Distr. (v. Roseub. 6, Riedel J7); West Celebes (Doherty J5); Central 
Celebes, Lake Posso (P. & F. Sarasin 17), East Celebes (Nat. Coll. Dresd. and 
Tring Mus.); Peling and Banggai fib.); Macassar Wallace 5, IS)] Tjamba Distr. 
(Platen 77); Sula Mangoli (Bernstein and Hoedt 6'); "Sula Islands” (Allen 2, 13). 
Meyer speaks of Carpoiihaga paulina as -very common e-verywhere in 
Celebes, living in flocks, generally on waringiu trees. It feeds on fruits. Dr. 
Guillemard states that the under mandible in Pigeons of this genus is capable 
of enormous extension ; they can swallow fruits nearly as large as a small orange. 
Mr. W allace and Prof. Schlegel identify the Sulan birds with those of Celebes, 
and Count Salvador! does not mention any differences. The Sulan race is 
said by Schlegel (4) to be considerably smaller with the bright orange-cinna- 
mon of the nape not carried so far down on the hind neck, and the bronze- 
green of the upper parts inclining more strongly to coppery red. Schlegel 
identified a specimen from Luzon with it, as Hartert seems to have done later 
’) These two specimens were measured hy Prof. W. Blasius, who records their wings as only 224 and 
22S mm, respectively; but ho seems to have measured under the wing with a straight mle, whereas we always 
measure over it. 
