760 
Birds of Celebes: Charadriidae. 
R. A. S. 1889, 208; (19) Steere, List Coll. B. & M. Philipp. 1890, 26; (20) Seeh., 
B. Japan 1890, 321; (21) W. Bias., J. f. O. 1890, 145; (22) Styan, Ibis 1891, 
507; (23) Salvad., Orn. Pap. Agg. 1891, 202; (24) Campb., Ibis 1892, 246; 
(25) Tacz., Faun. Om. Sib. Orient. 1893, 11, 860; (26) Biittik., Zool. Erg. Weber’s 
Eeise 1893, IB, 283; (27) Newton, Diet. B. 1893, 384. 
d. Glottis glottoides (Sykes) (I) G-lcl., B. Austr. 1848, VI, pi. 36. 
e. Tetanus canescens (1) Adams, P. Z. S. 1859, 169; (2) Pinsch & Hartl., Yog. 0. Afr. 
1870, 745; (HI) Sb. & Dress., B. Eurox^e 1871, VIII, 173, jd. 570; (4) Hume, Str. F. 
1874, n, 299; (5) Briigg., Abb. Ver. Bremen 1876, V, 95; (6) Ward!. Rams., 
Tweedd. Orn. Works, Index 1881, 660; (7) Salvad., Orn. Pap. 1882, HI, 325; 
(8) Oates, B. Brit. Burmah 1883, H, 402; (9) W. Bias., Z. ges. Orn. 1886, 200; 
(10) E. Rams., Tab. List 1888, 20. 
f. Tetanus nebularius (1) Stejn., Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, Y, 37; (2) Baird, Brew. & Ridgw. 
Water B. N. Am. 1884, I, 267; (S) Stejn., Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1885, Nr. 29, 128. 
g. Tetanus littoreus L. ; (I) Hart., Nov. Zool. 1896, 180. 
h. Glottis nebularius (1) Sharpe; Oat. B. 1896, XXIY, 481, 763. 
For further synonymy and references cf. Finsch & Hartlaub e 2; Legge 14\ Salvador! e 7; 
Taezanowski 25; Sharpe hi, etc. 
Figures and descriptions. Naiimann //; Gould III, d I\ Sharpe & Dresser e III\ 
Legge 14\ Seebobm 16, 17 (woodcut); Salvador! e 7; Taezanowski 25\ Sharpe 
h 1\ etc., etc. — Eyton, Ost. av. 1867 figured the skeleton, pi. 8 k and 34, 1; Milne- 
Edwards, Ois. foss. 1867 — 8 some particulars; as well as Jiiger, Sb. Ak. Wien 1857, 
XXHl, pi. H, figs. 16 — 17. 
Winter plumage. General coloim above mealy drab-brown, the feathers with dark shafts 
and notched at the edges with dark brown and wliitish; head and hind neck dus- 
kier, striolated with white; lower back and rump wliite, the longest upper tail- 
coverts slightly barred with brown towards the tips; tail wliite, laterally barred with 
brown, the middle feathers tenninally washed with ashy grey; sides of forehead, 
cheeks and under-parts white, the lores with dusky spots; under wing-coverts 
white with bars or sagittate centre-spots of dark brown; “iris light hroivm; bill bluish 
leaden at base, changing to brownish towards the tip . . . ; legs and feet bluish leaden, 
the toes and tihiai somewhat greenish”: Legge 14 (Gorontalo: Riedel — 0 274). 
Changes of plumage. “The changes of plumage m the Greenshank at the four different 
seasons of the year are well marked. In winter it is pure white underneath, and 
clear ashy-grey above. In April it begins to show traces of breeding plumage, the 
feathers of the hack exliibiting signs of afiproaching black, while the under surface 
is also spotted here and there with black on the upper part of the breast. By June 
the bird is in full breeding dress, very dark on the ujjper surface, and all the fore 
part of the throat and breast thickly covered with oval spots, while the flanks and 
under tail-coverts are also marked with blackish. By the end of July the bird begins 
to change, and in August rapidly passes into a somewhat fighter dress, assuming 
huffy white edgings to the feathers of the upper surface, while the underside of the 
body is quite wliite, excepting slight remains of dark markings on the fore part of 
the breast; at this season of the year the tail is very different, the centre feathers 
being distinctly barred, whereas at all other times they are more or less uniform 
grey with indications of bars only on the basal part of the feathers” (Sharpe & 
Dresser e III). 
Measurements. Wing 180 — 193 mm; tail 75 — 82; bill from feathers of forehead 52 — 59; 
tarsus 57 — 65; middle toe with claw 35 — 39 (from the measm’ements of 8 E. Siberian 
examples by Taezanowski 25, and 2 from N. Celebes in the Dresden Museum). 
