Birds of Celebes: Oharadriidae. 
765 
For further synonymy and. references cf. Dresser^//; Legge Salvadori Stejneger 
22\ Taczanowski 56i; Sharpe c 5. 
Figures and descriptions. Naumann II\ Gould III, IV] Dresser XU; Seebohm 25, 26 
(woodcut); Legge 15; Salvad. 19; Vorderman 20; Oates 21; Taczanowski 36; 
Sharpe c 5; etc., etc. 
Winter plumage. Above bistre-brouTi, margins of the feathers paler, changing into whitish 
notches with intermediate dark brown bars on the scapulars and tertiaries, and into 
spots on the wing-coverts; upper tail-coverts white, the longest with sagittate spots 
of brown; tail barred with brown and white, the outermost feathers wliite, only 
spotted with brown; remiges dark brown, shaft of first white; supraloral and 
superciliary stripe whitish; lores and car-coverts brown; under-parts white, 
striated with brown on sides of face and juguhim, clouded with pale brown on breast ; 
sides and flanks scantily barred, under tail-coverts shaft-streaked with brown; under 
wing-coverts white, with bars of brown, axillaries narrowly barred; “iris dark brown; 
bill blackish olive; below at base lighter broAvnish olive; feet light greyish olive”: 
Stejneger 22 (Manado: v. Musschenbroek — 0 5265). 
Female. Not known to differ from the male. 
Summer plumage. In summer the bu’d is darker in colour above than in winter, and the 
neck, breast and juguhim are thickly streaked with brown. 
Young in first plumage. Has the lateral spots of the feathers of the upper parts fulvous, 
instead of wliitish (Archangel: Henke — Nr. T2119). 
Observation. The white lateral spots on the feathers of the upper parts mark the site of a 
sti’uctural difference in the feathers, namely the web is less substantial at these spots, 
and, as the plumage becomes old, the web breaks away or is worn off here, leaving 
the feather with a jagged saw-like edge well seen in the tertiaries. It is displayed 
in a more or less iironounced condition in a number of specimens before us. 
Moult. A specimen killed near Tondano in August — September, 1892, and three from 
Limbotto, July, 1871, are shedding their remiges and acquiring fresh ones. The 
tertiaries are not yet moulted, nor indeed in 2 examples killed in Talaut in November, 
but the feathers of the upper parts seem to be shed later than the remiges. Seebohm 
(25) mentions a specimen Idlled by Emin in Central Africa on February 15*’’ with 
growing first primaries. 
Measurements. Wing (11 specimens — Celebes and the islands near) 119 — 129 mm ; tail ca. 50; 
tarsus 37 — 41 ; middle toe with claw ca. 34; exposed culmen 26 — 30. 
Eggs. 4; creamy white to dull buff and very pale olive, spotted and blotched with rich 
reddi.sh brown, the spots varying in size from a pea downwards; size 35.6 — 39.4 X 
25.4 — 27.9 mm (from Seebohm 25). 
Nest. A patch of dry ground overgrown with heath, sedges, and coarse grass is generally 
selected: the nest a mere hollow in the ground,- fined with a few dry stalks and 
blades of grass (from Seebohm 25). 
Distribution. Europe; Africa; Asia, south to the Moluccas and Timor. — For localities 
in the East Indies see Salvadori 19, adding Sumatra (Davis. 8, Hagen 32), and 
some additional Philippine Is. (Bns. & Worces. 39, Platen 27, Whitehead 29). 
In the Celebesian Province: Talaut Islands — Kabruang and Karkellang (Nat. Coll. 
38, 41), Minahassa (Meyer cf 2, Guillemard 23, etc.), Gorontalo Distr. (Forsten 5, 
Meyer d 2, Rosenb. 16), Tjamba Distr. (Platen 24), Macassar (Weber 57). 
The distribution of the Wood Sandpiper is much like that of the Common 
Sandpiper, except that the latter ranges as far south as Tasmania, while the 
