Birds of Celebes: Charadriidae. 
801 
330; (5) Seebolim, Ibis 1881, 34; (6) Mathew, Pr. L. Soc. K S. W. 1885, 255; 
(7) W. Blasius, Z. ges. Om. 1886, 199; f8) Seebohm, Distr. Charadr. 1887, 326; 
(9) Puller, B. New Zeal. 2"'h cd. 1888, 11, 45; (10) Rams., Tab. List 1888, 20; 
(11) Everett, J. Str. Br. R. A. S. 1889, 210; (12J Seebohm, B. Japan 1890, 315; 
(13) Salvador!, Orn. Pap. Agg. 1891, 204; (14) De La Touche, Ibis 1892, 501; 
(15) Tacz., Faun. Orn. Sib. Orient. 1893, 11, 940; (16) Sharpe, Cat. B. 1896, 
XXIV, 350, 753. 
a. Numenius australis (1) Grould, P. Z. S. 1837, 155; (II) id., B. Austr. 1848, VI, pi. 42; 
(3) Schl., Mus. P.-B., ScoL, 1864, 90; (41 Salvad., Cat. Ucc. Borneo 1874, 333. 
b. Xumenius major pt. (I) Temm. & Schl., Faun. Jap., Aves 1850, 110, pi. 66; (2) Steere 
List CoU. B. & M. Philipp. 1890, 26. 
c. Numenius rufescens (1) Gould, P. Z. S. 1862, 286; (2) Swinh., Ibis 1863, 410; (III) Gld 
B. Asia Vn, pi. 60 (1864). 
cJ.. Numenius tab'.tiensis (nec Gm.); (1) Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1871, 410; (2) David & Oust., 
, Ois. Chine 1877, 458. 
For further synonymy and references cf. Salvador! 4, 13; Taczanowski 13; Sharpe 16. 
Diagnosis. Differs from N. variegatus by its much larger size and relatively much longer bill, 
by its lower back and rump being concolorous with the other upper parts viz. grey- 
brown with dark brown centres (not white with brown streaks), by the head above 
being grey-brown evenly streaked all over with dark brown (not dark broAVTi with a 
light mesial stripe), and the feathei’s of the mantle, scapulars and lesser wing-coverts 
with blackish centres and paler edgings, giving a more varied appearance. 
From Numenius arquatus it is distinguishable by its lower back and rump of 
varied browns concolorous with the upper parts (as against white pui’e or slightly 
spotted in that species). 
Young. Presenting differences from the adults corresponding to those seen in N. variegatus. 
Taczanowski describes a young male as having the lower scapularies and the ter- 
tiaries with more regular and rounded spots (as against the deep notches of pale 
brown and fish-bone bars of dark brown m the adult), the lower back and rump with 
large reddish drops scattered on a brown ground, the streaks of the under-parts much 
finer, etc. (15). 
Measurements. 
Wing 
Tail 
Tarsus 
Mddle 
toe with 
claw 
Exposed 
cuhnen 
(straight) 
a. (C 8049) ad., Cebu (Schadenberg! .... 
295 
125 
93 
56 
215 
b. (C 6262) ad., Sumba (Riedel) ..... 
287 
107 
96 
57 
199 
c. (C 12366) Australia 
300 
120 
87 
51 
145 
Eggs. Unknown. 
Distribution. Coast of Alaska (fide Taczanowski 15); East Siberia from Kamtschatka to 
the Wilui (trib. of Lena) and Corea to Lake Baikal (Tacz an. 15); Bering Id. 
(Wosnessenski & de Maack 15); Japan (Blakiston & Pryer 12); China (Swinh. 
(11, David d 2, De La Touche 14); Formosa (Swinhoe c 2); Philippines — Negros 
• (Steere b 2), Cebu (Schadenberg); Borneo (Ussher, Croockewit 11); N. Celebes 
— Gorontalo Distr. (Riedel 7); Sumba (Riedel 13); Moluccas — Halmahera, Buru, 
Amboina, Ceram-laut (Salvador! 4); Papuasia — New Guinea, Yule Island 
(Salvad. 4); Is. of Torres Str. (MacGill. 4); Australia and Tasmania (Gould a II, 2, 
Ramsay 10); New Zealand (Travers, etc. 9). 
Only one example of this Curlew is as yet known from Celebes; it was 
obtained by Dr. Riedel in the Gorontalo neighbourhood, as recorded by Prof. 
Kpyer ^ Wi^lesworth, Birds of Celebes (Dec. 8th, 1897). 
