826 
Birds of Celebes: Ardeidae. 
and its crest is formed of numerous decomposed feathers, as in the American 
H. candidissima. Gould unfortunately does not give the measurements of his 
H. immaculata, neither does he state the character of the crest, hut he says that 
his plate represents the bird of the size of life, — that is with the tarsus 
82 mm long, as in Swinhoe’s eulophotes. Salvadori’s bird is also much longer 
in the wing. Can it have been a straggler from America of H. candidissima'^. 
Sharpe unites if. immaculata with the eastern form of the Black-billed Egret, 
if. nigripes, including both what Salvador! calls immaculuta and what we call 
immaculata (a 4) under that species, and making Swinhoe’s eulophotes a synonym 
of Demiegretta sacral 
352. HERODIAS GARZETTA (L.). 
Black-billed White Egret. 
a. Ardea garzetta (1) Linn., S. N. 1766, I, 237; (II) Naum., Vog. Deutschl. 1838, IX, 
101,1 223; (3) Schl, Mus. P.-B., Ardeae, 1863, 12; (^4^ Finsch & Conrad, Verb, 
z.-b. Ges. Wien 1873, 3 (sep. c.); (5) Eos., Malay. Arcbip. 1878, 278; (VI) Dresser, B. 
Eur. 1880, 71, 239, pi. 399; (7) Rosenb. Zool. Garten 1881, 167; (8) Joest, Holontalo 
1883, 106; (9) Seeb., B. Japan 1890, 218; (10) Steere, List Coll. B. & M. Pbibpp. 
1890, 26. 
A Ardea nigripes (1) Temm., Man. d’Orn. 2nd ed. 1840, III, 377; (2) ScbL, Mus. P.-B., 
Ardeae, 1863, 14. 
Herodias garzetta (1) Gray, List Grallae Br. Mus. 1844, 78; (2) Gould, Hb. B. Austr. 1865, 
n, 305; (8) David & Oust, Ois. Cbine 1877, 440; (4) Hume, Ste. F. 1878, VI, 
476, 480; (5) Oust, Bull Soc. Pbilom. 1878, 187; (6) Legge, B. Ceylon 1880, 1144; 
(7) Tweedd., Orn. Works 1881, 399, 528, 601, 625, 660; (8) Salvad., Om. Pap. 
1882, m, .354; (9) Kelb., Ibis 1882, 193; (10) Oates, B. Brit. Burmab 1883, H, 
248; (11) Vorderm., N. T. Nod. Ind. 1885, XI^IV, 235; (12) Stejn., Pr. U. S. Nat. 
Mus. 1887, X, 316; (13) E. P. Earns., Tab. List 1888, 21; (14) Hartert, J. f. 0. 1889, 
406; (15) Oates, ed. Hume’s Nests and Eggs 1890, HI, 242; (16) Salvad., Orn. 
Pap. Agg. 1891, 206; (17) Styan, Ibis 1891, 327, 492; (18) De La Toucbe, Ibis 
1892, 488; (19) Styan, Ibis 1893, 434; (20) M. & Wg., J. f. 0. 1894, 252; (21) 
Bns. & Worces., B. Menage Exped. 1894, 31. 
c. Garzetta egretta (Br.), orientalis (J. E. Gr.), and nigripes (Temm.); (1) Bp., Consp. H, 1855, 
118, 119. 
d. Herodias nigripes (1) Wald., Tr. Z. S. 1872, YIH, 99; (2) Salvad., Cat. Ucc. Borneo 
1874, 349; (3) Meyer, Ibis 1879, 143, 146; (3'’^^) Nicholson, Ibis 1882, 70; (4) 
W. Bias., J. f. O. 1882, 253; (5) id., ib. 1884, 219; (6) id., Ztscbr. ges. Om. 1885, 
316; (7) id., Ornis 1888, 630; (8) Everett, J. Str. Br. R. A. S. 1889, 189. 
e. Garzetta egretta (1) Swinb., P. Z. S. 1871, 412. 
f. Ardea garzetta var. nigripes (1) Briigg., Abb. Ver. Bremen 1876, 7, 96. 
g. Egretta garzetta (1) Blak. & Pryer, Ibis 1878, 224. 
/^. Herodias immaculata (1) Meyer (nec Gld.), Isis, Dresden 1884, 56; (2) Salvad., Agg. 
Orn. Pap. 1891, 206. 
i. Herodias garzetta nigripes (1) Stejn., Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1887, X, 317. 
j. Herodias melanopus “Wagl”; (1) Rams., Pr. L. Soc. N. S. W. 1887, 172. 
k. Garzetta garzetta (1) Sbarpe, Oat. B, 1898, XX7I, 118. 
