Birds of Celebes; Ardeidae. 
839 
Verh. z.-h. Ges. Wien 1881, 767; (11) Oates, B. Brit. Burmah 1883, 11, 253; 
(12) W. Bias., J. f. O. 1884, 216, 219; (13) Kutter, t. c. 224; (14) W. Bias., 
Ztschr. ges. Oni. 1885, 206, 319; (15) Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Ind. 1885, XLIV, 
202, 237; (16) Stejn., Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1887, X, 308; (17) Burck, N. T. Ned. 
Lad. 1889, XLVItl, 116; (18) Everett, J. Str. Br. E. A. S. 1889, 189; (19) Sharpe, 
Ibis 1890, 147, 285; (20) Hartert, Kat. Senckenb. Mus. 1891, 202; (21) id., Omis 
1891, 123; (22) Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Lid. 1892, LI, 412; (23) Biittik., Zool. 
Erg. Weber’s Reise 1893, IH, 284; (24) Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Ind. 1895, LIV, 
323, 352; (25) M. & Wg., Abb. Mus. Dresd. 1896, Nr. 1, p. 15; (26) Hart., Nov. 
Zool. 1896, 164, 598; (27) Sharpe, Cat. B. 1898, XXVI, 212. 
d. Buphus speciosus (1) Bp., Oonsp. 1855, II, 127; (2) id., Oompt. Rend. 1855, XL, 
722, Nr. 90. 
e. Ardea leucoptera speciosa (1) Scbl. , Mus. P.-B., Ardeae, 1863, 34. 
f. Ardeola leucoptera (1) Guillem, (nec Bodd.), P. Z. S. 1885, 511, 561. 
“Duduhu”, Gorontalo, Rosenb. a 7; Joest, Holontalo 1833, 105. 
“Condor pura”, Maros and Tjamba, S. Celebes, Platen 14. 
Figure and descriptions. Horsfield a II\ Lesson a 3; Bonaparte d 7; Hume 8; V orderm. 
15\ Sharpe 27. 
Breeding pluniage. Head, neck and jugulum cinnamon, lightest on the head, more cinnamon- 
rufous on neck, dai’kest, with a purpurescent brown hue on jugulum where the feathers 
are broad, lengthened and decomposed; an occipital crest of foiu' or five buff-white 
elongated feathers (c. 60— 100 mm or more); chin, cheeks and upper throat white; 
back blackish slaty, washed with a hoary grey, the feathers decomposed, very broad 
and elongated, stretching beyond the tail; wings, lower back, rump, tail, and 
entire under parts wliite, scapular’s washed with buff, becoming deeper buff on 
shoulders; “iris Mght yellow; tip and [culmen] base of bill black, the rest bluish [in 
• the dry skin yellowish white]; feet pale yellow”: Platen 14 ((5*, Maros Waterfall, 
S. Celebes, 16. H. 78: Platen — C 13227). 
Winter plumage. Head, neck and jugulum dusky black, streaked with buff, the buff 
increasing in extent on the neck, and almost uniform buff-cinnamon on the jugulum; 
no occipital crest; back, scapulars and inner remiges purplish brown, the 
dorsal feathei-s lengthened and terminally decomposed; the remaining parts white as 
in summer; upper bill and tip of under bill blackish, base of lower and adjoining 
pai’t of upper bill yellowish (Java: v. Schierbrand C 12423). 
Young. Like the adult in non-breeding plumage, but the buff stripes of the head broader 
and the back paler and greyer brown (Q, Macassar, Oct. 71: Meyer C 1995). 
Observation. Several specimens, striped on the head like the young described, are assuming 
the long slaty dorsal feathers of breeding plumage. They may be adults changing 
from winter dress, but we take them rather for young putting on breeding plumage 
at the beginning of their second year. 
Sexes. Sexual differences of coloration are not known to exist. 
Measurements. 
a. (C 13227) cf ad., S. Celebes, 16.n.78 (Platen) 
b. (C 14290) ad., Gorontalo (Riedel) . . . • 
c. (C 3541) ? vix ad., IVLnahassa (Faber) . . • 
d. (C 1995) juv. $, Macassar, Oct. 71 (Meyer) 
e. (Nr. 11251) ad., Java (v. Schierbr.) . • • 
/■. (Nr. 11587) ad., Java (v. Schierbr.) . • . 
“Wing 
Tail 
Tarsus 
Mid. toe 
and claw 
Exposed 
culmen 
205 
79 
52 
57 
59 
212 
77 
56 
— 
62 
208 
81 
— 
— 
62 
190 
63 
53 
59 
57 
206 
— 
57 
63 
61 
195 
73 
53 
57 
57 
