844 
Birds of Celebes: Ardeidae. 
ib. 1879, 73; (15) Finscli, ib. 1880, 577; (16) Schmeltz, Eth. Abth. Mus. Godef. 
1881, 353; (17) Tweedd., Orn. Works 1881, 199, 400, 542, 602, 651; (18) W. Earns., 
op. cit. 660; (19) Salvad., Orn. Pap. 1882, HI, 375; (20) Stejn., Pr. U. S. Nat. 
Mus. 1887, X, 297; (21) Grant, P. Z. S. 1888, 203; (22) Everett, J. Str. Br. K. A. S. 
1889, 190; (23) W. Bias., J. f. 0. 1890, 146; (24) Steere, List CoU. B. & M. 
Philipp. 1890, 27; (25) Wiglesw., Av. PoIjti. 1892, 69 (syn. emend.); (26) M. & Wg., 
J. f. O. 1894, 116; (27) Sharpe, Ibis 1894, 541; (28) Bus. & Worces., B. Menage 
Exped. 1894, 32; (29) Grant, Ibis 1895, 117, 266; (30) M. & Wg., Abh. Mus. 
Dresd. 1895, Nr. 8, p. 19; (31) iid., ib. 1896, Nr. 1, p. 6, note; (32) Sharpe, Cat. 
B. 1898, XXVI, 162. 
a. Calherodius matiillensis (1) Bp., C. E. 1850, XL, 723, Nr. 133. 
b. Ardea manillensis (1) Schl. (nec Meyen), Mus. P.-B., Ardeae, 1863, 60. 
c. Nycticorax caledonicus (1) Hartl. & Einsch (nec Gm.), P. Z. S. 1868, 117. 
d. Nyetiardea manillensis (1) Gray, ELL. 1871, III, 33, Nr. 10173, pt. 
e. Nyeticorax minahassae (1) M. & Wg., J. f. 0. 1894, 115; (2) Sharpe, Cat. B. 1898, 
XXVI, 163. 
Figures and descriptions. Fraser 77; Eeichenbach F; Vigors 1\ Bonaparte 6"; 
Tweeddale 10, 17\ Sharpe 32. 
Diagnosis. Adult. Like N. caledonicus, but the neck all I’ound vinous cinnamon-rufous, 
with a white dividing mark down the fore-neck; the slate-colour of the head descending 
about half-way down the hind neck; chin and upper throat white; the three elongated 
nuchal plumes white with black tips; the cinnamon-rufous of the back washed with 
purpurescent-slaty, bill black (o’ ad., Kema, 8. Oct. 1893: P. &F. Sar.). — A second 
specimen is like the above as regards its under-surface, but has the back as well 
as the hind neck and head above blackish slate-colour, with a tinge of purple on 
tlie hack; the nuchal plumes (not fully grown) black, in the middle wliite stained 
with black; supraloral stripe narrow, vinous rufous; “bdl entii’ely black; iris yellow”: 
P. & F. Sar. (c;;^, Kema, 1. Aug. 1892: Sarasin Ooll. — type of N. minahassae 
M. & Wg.). — A third example almost entirely wants the slaty hue on the hack: back 
vinous cinnamon-rufous; superciliary stripe paler; crest plumes tipped with black; base 
of lower mandible yellowish {(f scarcely? adult, strand between Kema and Lilang, 
Sept. 1894: Sarasin CoU.). — An adult from Cebu differs from these Oelebesian 
examples in having the chin and throat, as well as the entire fore-neck and jugulum, 
vinous cinnamon-rufous, the entire hind neck blackish slaty Uke the head (0 4566). 
Walden (10) describes a nearly adult bird from Cebu as having the chin and 
throat white (i. e. as in the Celebesian bird described). 
Young. The young seems to differ fr'om the young of N. caiedonicm (see foregoing article) 
in having the rectrices dark cinnamon-rufous as against grey-brown, and a slaty tinge 
on the mantle, but we do not think that these differences wiU hold good for all 
cases; “bill black, below greenish; bare skin of face yellow-green; iris yellow; feet 
yellowish grey” (Kema, 8. Aug. 92: Sarasin Coll.). 
Measurements (adults). 
Wing 
Tail 
Tarsus 
Mid. 
toe 
and 
claw 
Ex- 
posed 
culm. 
a. (Sarasin Coll.) (f, Kema, 1. Aug. 92 
317 
112 
78 
78 
78 
b. (Sarasin Coll.) cT, Kema, 8. Oct. 93 
303 
105 
84 
85 
72 
c. (Sar. Coll.) vix? ad., Kema — LUang, Sept. 94 . 
303 
107 
84 
— 
81 
d. (C 4566) ad., Cebu 
313 
124 
85 
84 
73 
