Birds of Celebes: Anatidae. 
869 
“Duwiwi” — name for all ducks (Gorontalo), Rosenberg c 8. 
For further synonymy and references cf. Salvador! 4'). 
Figures and descriptions. Horsfield « /; Gould b I, dr, Biggies b IP, Fraser c I; 
Finsch & Hartlaub c .3; Salvador! 1, 4; etc. 
Adult. Head above and a sti’ipe down hind neck brown-black, back and scapulars 
black, the feathers broadly edged with cinnamon; lower back, rump, tail, and 
wings black, the lesser and median wing-coverts chestnut; the longer upper 
tail-coverts buff and black; face, sides of head, neck, and under parts cinna- 
mon, palmg almost to white on the throat, upper neck, and under tail-coverts, inten- 
sifying to cinnamon-rufous on the body below; neck and breast spotted with black, 
abdomen and thighs mottled with blackish, feathers of the sides of body and of flanks 
lengthy and slashed with buff and black; wing below dark browrr, the first primary 
notched on the inner web (Lake of Lino, hlinahassa. Meyer 0 857). 
“Hides dark brown; bill black; tarsi greenish grey; feet blackish grey” (Gould dl). 
Sex. The sexes are similar hr coloratioir. 
Measurements. 
a. (0 857) ad.. Lake of Lino, May 71 (Meyer) . 
b. (0 856) Lake of Tondarro, June 71 (M eyer ) . 
c. (Sarasin CoU.) ad., Lura Lake, 9. VIH. 95 
d. (Nr. 3170) ad., Gorontalo (Riedel) . . . . 
e. (Nr. 3169) ad., Gorontalo (Riedel) . . . . 
f. (Nr. 3171) ad., Gorontalo (Riedel) . . . . 
Wing 
Tail 
Tarsus 
Middle 
toe with 
claw 
Exposed 
culmen 
205 
55 
50 
68 
■ — 
192 
— 
48 
70 
41 
200 
50 
50 
68 
42 
210 
65 
— 
69 
45 
204 
— 
48 
69 
44 
200 
— 
52 
72 
43 
Eggs and nest. Eggs supposed to belong to tlris species are described as creamy white in 
coloiu', 48 X 38 mm; fourrd hr nests built in long gr-ass (small islands at Port Essing- 
ton: Gould d 1). 
Distribution. Philippines (Cuming, Jagor, Everett, etc. e 5, c7, c 8, cl4, c 15, 4), orneo 
(Grabowsky b 4, Vorderman c 12)-, Java (Horsfield a I, W allace c 2, Vorderm.); 
Sumba (fide Salvador! 4, Doherty b U]', Timor (Wallace 7,4); Celebes — Mina- 
hassa (Forsten c 2, Meyer c 9), Gorontalo Distr. (v. Rosenberg c 2, Riedel b 5), 
Paguatt, Tomhri Gulf (Rosenberg c 2), Lura Lake, S.E. Central Celebes (P.& F. S. 
b 9, b 10), West Celebes (Doherty b 12), Macassar (Wallace 4); Moluccas — ? Am- 
boina (Finsch a 2, el, 7); New Guinea (D 'Albertis 7, Geisler 3, etc.); Austraha 
except the South (Gould i I, Ramsay c 73); New Caledonia (fide Verreaux, 
Layard b 7); Fiji Islands (Rayner, Layard b 7). 
The Whistling Tree Duck — so called from the continuous whistling-noise 
it emits when on the wing and from its habit of occasionally perching on trees 
is a resident in Celebes, as is proved by the circumstance that Rosenberg- 
got a young one in down at Paguatt in July, 1864, Accoi’ding to Salvador!, 
there are nine species of the genus Dendrocycna, spread over the warmer countries 
1) It is unfortunate that G. Cuvier has generally been cited as the author of this species. No de- 
scription of his D.arcuata was ever published, and nobody knew whether it was D. javanica (Horsf.) or 
the present bird, and some authorities saddled the name on to the one species, some on to the other. As 
Count Salvadori now shows, Cuvier eridently did not distinguish the two species at all. Neither did 
Horsfield distinguish them as species, but by a piece of good luck he described one bird as B. javanica 
and afterwards gave a picture of the other as 7). arcuata, and the names ai-e now valid for the two birds. 
But such confusion of the synonymy has resulted, that even Count Salvadori himself has scarcely succeeded 
in unravelhng it perfectly. 
