Birds of Celebes: Anatidae. 
879 
GENUS QUERQUEDULA Stepli. 
The Garganeys are of small size, and may best be distinguished from 
Nettion by the shape of the wing; the secondaries of Querquedula are very 
short, the shorter ones being considerably less than half the length of the wing, 
as against two-thirds in NetMon. The blue or bluish grey upper wing-coverts 
of Querquedula are, as Salvador i’s key shows, also characteristic. 
Five species: “Northern Hemisphere and Neotropical Region”. 
373. QUERQUEDULA OIROIA (L.). 
Garganey. 
a. Anas querquedula (1) Linn., S. N. 1766, I, 203; (II) Naum., Vog. Deutschl. XI, 677, 
t. 303 (184-2); (3) SchL, Mus. P.-B., Anseres, 1866, 49; (4) Rosenb., Malay. Arclup. 
1878, 279; (5) id., Zool. Garten 1881, 167; (6) Salvad., Orn. Pap. 1882, HI, 400; 
(7j Tacz., Faun. Orn. Sib. Orient. 1893, 11, 1145. 
b. Anas circia (1) Linn., S. N. 1766, I, 204; (2) Briigg., Abb. Ver. Bremen 1876, V, 464; 
(3) Legge, B. Ceylon 1880, 1080; (4) Seeb., B. Japan 1890, 246. 
ftnerquedula circia (I) Steph., Gen. Zool. XTT , 2, p. 143, pi. 51 (1824); (2) Swinb., Ibis 
1863, 434; (III) Sbarpe & Dresser, B. Europe VI, 513, pi. 427 (1871); (4) Wald., 
Tr. Z. S. 1872, AGH, 102; (5) Salvad., Oat. Ucc. Borneo 1874, 361; (6) David 
&Oust., Ois. Obine 1877, 502; (7) Hume & Davis., Str. F. 1878, VI, 489; (8) 
Prjev., Rowley’s Orn. Misc. 1878, HI, 103; (9) Meyer, Ibis 1879, 144; (10) 
W. Bias., J. f. 0. 1883, 140; (11) Oates, B. Brit. Burmab 1883, H, 287; (12) 
Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Ind. 1884, XLLV, 253; (13) W. Bias., Ztschr. ges. Orn. 
1886, 171; (14) Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Ind. 1889, XLIX, 419; (15) Everett, J. Str. 
Br. R. A. S. 1889, 192; (16) Oates ed. Hume’s Nests and Eggs Ind. B. 1890, HI, 
291; (17) Steere, List Coll. B. & M. Pbilipp. Is. 1890, 27; (18) Styan, Ibis 1891, 
328,’ 496; (19) De La Toucbe, Ibis 1892, 492; (20) Styan, Ibis 1893, 435; (21) 
Salvad., Cat. B. 1895, XXVH, ’293. 
c. ttuerquedula querquedula (1) Baird, Am. Journ. of Sc. & Arts 1866, XLI, 339; (2) 
Stejn., Bull. H. S. Nat. Mus. 1885, Nr. 29, 156; (3) Sbarpe, Brit. B. 1896, H, 291. 
For further synonymy and references cf. Salvadori 21. 
Figures and descriptions. Naumann a II] Sbarpe and Dresser III] Legge b 3] 
Taczanowski a 7] Salvadori 21] etc., etc. 
Winter plumage. Above sepia-brown, tbe feathers with pale edgings, wbicb are broadest 
and palest — buff-wbite — on tbe upper tail-coverts, and grey on lower back, hind 
neck almost miifox'm grey-brown; bead above blackish with light brown edges to 
the feathers; a dark brown streak through tbe eye; sides of bead, face, throat 
and sides of neck white, finely streaked with brown, except a clear streak on sides 
of occiput, a spot at base of bill, and chin and upper throat; jugulum and breast 
rufous buff, with spots and ii-regular bars of blackish; remaining under-parts 
white, with indistinct spots and bars, taking the form of large brown spots on the 
under tail-coverts; upper wing-coverts and adjacent scapulars light grey-blue, 
the greater series terminally wMte; secondaries metallic grey -green, tipped with 
white, primaries where exposed blackish, elsewhere greyish broiivn, shafts white; 
tertiaries edged with white; wing below brownish grey, darkest on lesser wing- 
