332 Birds of Celebes: Anatldae. 
Changing plumage. Male undergoing the post-nuptial moult, or young assuming 
the adult male dress. Browner than the adult male; forehead, face and chin 
blackish; neck pale dull brown (broccoli-brown); upper breast blackish, the feathers 
terminally edged with white; wing 204 mm; tail ca. 45; tarsus 37_; middle toe and 
claw 59; exposed culmen 39 (Celebes [GorontaloJ: Eiedel, 1875 — 0 257). 
Young [male]. Brown hke the female; forehead and face blackish; the white under-parts 
marked with indistinct bars and streaks; wing 205 mm; exposed culmen 38 (Celebes: 
Riedel, 1875 — C 256). 
Young in down. See, Dresser c III. 
Eggs. Like all Ducks’ eggs, but rather dark with a tint of clay-colour: size about 57 X 40 
(Uleaborg, Lappland). 
Nest. Chiefly composed of the dark brown down of the bird, bits of grass-stalk, etc. inter- 
mixed; placed on the ground near the water. 
Distribution. “Palaearctic Region from the Atlantic to the Pacific; in the Ethiopian Region 
it extends as far south as Shoa, and apparently breeds in the liigh lakes of Abyssinia; 
in unnter in South China, Japan and India, but not in Ceylon or in Bm-mah; acci- 
dental in the Malay Archipelago (Philippines and Borneo), and in Polynesian Is- 
lands: Marianne Islands and Pelew Islands” (Salvador! e 2). Pliilippines — Luzon 
(Maitland-Heriot e 2], Basilan (Steere a 2)\ Labuan (Everett c5, e 2)\ North 
Celebes — Goroiitalo (Riedel in Dresden Mus.); Marianne Is. (Quoy & Gaimard d 1, 
c 2); Pelew Is. (Tetens e 2). 
The Tufted Duck is now recorded for the first time from Celebes, the two 
specimens in the Dresden Museum from Dr. Riedel, which were most probably 
shot on the Lake of Limbotto, being the only ones as yet known from the island. 
Its nearest breeding grounds known are in South-east Siberia; it is a winter 
visitor in China and Southern Japan. In Europe also, as is shown by Dresser’s 
studies, it is in general a northern species in summer, breeding abundantly in 
Finland and North Russia. Further south it is much rarer in the breeding 
season; it is known to nest in two or three spots in England and Scotland, and 
more plentifully in North Germany. Certainly one of its southernmost nesting 
stations is Saxony, where, though the eggs (at this moment) have not yet been 
taken, it breeds in one or two places ■ — among them, on two of the fish-ponds 
at Moritzburg near Dresden (see Meyer & Helm, VII. — X. Jahresber. orn. Beob.- 
stat. Kgr. Sachsen, 1896, p. 131). 
The male of the present species may be easily recognised at a great dis- 
tance by its crest, black back and breast, and white belly. Its form is short 
and compact, and it is a more incessant diver than its allies on fresh waters. 
N. marila is distinguishable by its grey back and crestless head, N. novaezealandiae 
by having hardly any exposed white on the secondaries, no crest, and the 
abdomen brown. Count Salvadori separates these species and two American 
forms generically from Nyroca, but his genus Fuligula is one of those forms 
calling for a close comparison with Nyroca before the differences can be seen, 
and we are very doubtful whether it ought to be separated even subgen erically. 
