904 
Birds of Celebes; Laridae. 
(17) Meyer, Ztschr. ges. Orn. J884, 196; (18) W. Blasius, Ornis 1888, 320; 
(19) Rams., Tab. List 1888, 23; (20) Everett, J. Str. Br. R. A. S. 1889, 211; 
(21) ?^orth. Nests & Eggs B. Austr. 1889, 356; (22) Oates ed. Hume’s Nests & 
Eggs Ind. B. 1890, IH, 302; (23) Seek, B. Japan 1890, 297; (24) Salvadori, 
Agg. Om. Pap. 1891, 212; (25) Wigleswortli, Av. Polyn. 1892, 74; (26) 
De La Touclie, Ibis 1892, 502; (27) Salvad. , Ann. Mus. Gen. 1892, XXXII, 
142; (28) M. & Wg., Abb. Mus. Dresd. 1895, Nr. 8, p. 20; (29) Saund., Oat. B. 
1896, XXV, 126. 
a. Onyehoprion melanauchen (1) Wald., Tr. Z. S. 1872, VIH, 104. 
h. Sternula melanaucben (1) Hume, Str. F. 1874, II, 319. 
c. Onyehoprion sumatranus ') (“Raffl.”); (1) Salvadori, Oat. Uccelli Borneo 1874, 374; 
(2) Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Ind. 1884, XLIV, 253; (3) id., ib. 1892, LI, 415. 
d. Sterna sumatrana (1) Hume & Davis., Str. F. 1878, VI, 493; (2) Kelk, Ibis 1882, 202. 
For further synonymy and references cf. Finscb & Hartlaub 6\ Salvadori 14, 24', 
H. Saunders 29. 
Figures and descriptions. Temminck 7; Gould II] Schlegel S; Finscb & Hartlaub 6; 
Salvadori 77; Oates 75; Seebobm 23 (woodcut); H. Saunders 29. 
Adult. Head above, face, and under parts, including wing below, and tail, white; 
a black band through the eye (but not reaching to the base of the bill) round 
the nape (where it is broadest); upper parts very light grey; upper hind neck, tail- 
feathers, except the basal ones, and tips of secondaries, inner edges and shafts of 
primaries white; outer web of outermost primary black (Banka Id., N. Celebes, 
May, 1893: Nat. Coll. - C 12094). 
The tail is forked to a depth of 8 — 9 cm. 
Winter plumage. In winter, according to Mr. Howard Saunders (29), the adult has less 
black in front of the eye and round the nape. 
Iris dark brown; bill and legs black (Kelham d 2). 
Young. Above impure cream-colour, the feathers crossed with subterminal U-shaped bars of 
dusky, bases pale grey, the head above with a few fine streaks of dusky; a band 
of black with paler tips to the feathers through eye round the nape; remiges 
grey, the tips and most of the inner webs cream-white or white, shafts white, outer- 
most primary blacker; under parts cream- white; “iris dark; feet brownish ; bill black” 
(juv., Lembeh Id., N. Celebes, 18. July, 1893: P. & F. Sarasin). 
ments. 
Wing 
Tail 
Tarsus 
Mid. toe 
and claw 
Exposed 
culmen 
a. (C 12095) ad., Banka Id., May, 1893 (Nat. Coll.) 
223 
— 
19.5 
23 
35 
b. (C 12094) ad., Banka Id., May, 1893 (Nat. Coll.) 
228 
146 
18.5 
23 
33 
c. (C 12093) ad., Banka Id., May, 1893 (Nat. Coll.) 
235 
156 
20 
24 
37 
d. (Sarasin Coll.) juv., Lembeh Id., 18. July, 1893 
162 
70 
19 
22 
25 
Eggs. 2. “Eggs from islands of all parts of the South Seas are similai-. They have a grey- 
yellow ground, with violet shell-spots and light and dark brown surface-spots, which 
in most eggs are evenly distributed over the whole surface. They stand nearest to 
the eggs of SteriM minuta, but are notably larger and measure 38 — 41 X 27 — 29 mm” 
(Nehrkorn MS). See, also, Hume hi, 22', North 27; Finsch 7. 
1) Raffles’ species of this name is included by Mi’. H. Saunders with a query in the synonymy of 
S. sinensis, by Salvadori doubtfully (14) in that of the present species. From the original description (Trans. 
Linn. Soc. 1822, XIII, 329) it is quite impossible to decide what the species may have been. 
