GOOSANDER, 
241 
floating' ice. It appears to live chiefly upon fish, which 
sharp toothed and hooked bill is admirably calculated 
jor securing. It rises from the water with considerable 
flotteriug, its wing.s being small and short; but, wbeu 
the air, it flics with great swiftness. It is a singular 
^Tcumstance, that those goosanders which are seen in 
Delaware and Schuylkill, in the viciuity of Phila- 
“oll)hia, are principally old males. 
The male goosander is twenty-six inches in length, 
*bd thirty-seven inches in breadth ; the bill, to the angles 
*** the mouth, is throe inches long, nearly an inch thick 
'‘t the base, strongly toothed on both mandibles, the ui)per 
'*‘jtndible with two corresponding rows of fine teeth 
'’’ithin, the lower divided to the nail, and connected by 
* thin elastic membrane, which admits of considerable 
^•’'‘■pansion, to facilitate the passage of fish ; nostrils, 
’“Ubovate, broader on the hind part; the bill is black 
^“Ove and below, its sides crimson ; the tongue is long, 
P«iut(‘d, furnished with a double row of [lapilhe running 
j‘'ong the middle, and has a hairy border; irid(w, golden; 
Jfle frontlet, lores, aivniof the eyes, and throat, jet black; 
^^tid, crested, tumid, and of a beautiful glossy bottle 
“•■eeu colour, extending nearly half way do^vn the neck, 
‘fle remainder of which, with the exterior part of the 
*‘^‘*pulars, the lesser coverts, the greater j)art of the 
^'^condaries, the tertials and lining of the wings, white, 
'’•‘Heately tinged with cream colour; the breast and 
'^1‘ole lo wer jjarts are of a rich cream colour; the uj)per 
of the back, and the interior scapulars, a line glossy 
flack ; the primaries and exterior part of the secondaries, 
>th their coverts, are brownish black; the lov^•er part 
.j" nearly all the coverts of the secondaries, white, 
.I’c Upper part, black, formings a bar across tbe wing; 
,,fl* shoulder of the wing is brownish ash, the feathei'S 
vvith black ; the middle and lower parts of the 
,aek and tail-coverts, ash, the ])lumage ecu red with 
; tail, brownish ash, round(!d, composed of 
j^'Sliteen feathers, and extends about three inches 
g yond the wings ; the flanks are marked with waving, 
fl^ly dotted lines of ash on a white ground; tertials on 
'’OL. HI. (i 
