Introduction: Migration. 
51 
Two or three individuals often make their appearance in 
Bismarckplatz in the town each year, \ each season, 
by cold and hunger, and they aie “^st i y at Grossen- 
There is an autumnal migration route of i ( fVioiv transit to the 
hain near Dresden, the birds making their ajipeaiance during ' on 
South ever, year on the fish-ponds a. this the 
the fish-ponds at Moritzburg some 10 mies o onrnmer at his 
Dresden Museum informs us that Kingfishers did not occur m 
native village in Saxony, but were to be found ever, winter "hen the h h 
pond was frozen over, at the inlet or trap where water was le in “ 
Lre were plenty of small fish. The Grey Crow, Co« K. * 
Eastern couLs of England in great .rtlfc and inch is 
not proceed far inland, being unknown ^ ® instance in Northern 
almost equally the ease in the Southern Mid ands, 
Buckinghamshire. Yet these parts of Clarke's “Digest 
of sustaining them as the Eastern coun les. ^ connection, 
of the Eeports on Migration” should also be read in i well, 
If thirds reinelber their final 
It appears that they must find then wa> s „ « pigeons are lost if 
land-marks and stations. It is well f„,. long flights by 
turned out in a strange country, and g„dually lengthening 
breaking the journey into a numbei g understood how such 
the familiar landscape. In the same way i ATorwav across Siberia to 
a bird as PhySoscopus horealis, which “'P®' ‘ j giperia, but extended 
the East Indies, may originally have been ■‘"f ‘'■® f Miriduals 
its breeding range for a mile or two ; while the 
flying back oyer the known track to travellers, and thus the 
young generation gathered experience f 
ancient traditional route was increased in extent Newton, who was 
Nevertheless it should be pointe ou pigeons in the hope that 
one of the first to examine the “homing ^ ^ ^yay, has 
it might atford a clue to explaining how ^he guiding medium 
since been led to abandon it, holding that ocu ar ^^en sea, 
is disproved by three facts; first, that they can reach 
sometimes thus traversing as “T in darkness at night, sometimes at 
land; secondly, that much migration is done always journey 
high elevations; thirdly, that “among migian reasons may well be con- 
apart and most generally by ditferen lou ® ^ others not so. A 
sidered beyond all objection by many oin expanses of the Pacific, as has 
bird may take its direction across ^ ® familiar lay of the land at starting, 
been already remarked, by means o ^ Mobiiis has suggested, by 
the rise and setting of - ^o by ascending to a height of 10 000 
the direction of the roll of t 7 * 
