Introduction; Variation. 
55 
temperament in indmctaale; some ate bold and tierce others more 
more clever, others more stupid; some trustful, others shy; and so on A 
“individuahty” in birds may sometimes be noticed m their choice of then g 
grounds and nesting spots. 
Uomtmsrnes. - Cases of exceptional individual variation, infraction of the 
rule of bilateral symmetry*) etc., have not fallen under our observation among 
Celebesian birds. There is a tame Duck ivith webless toes in the Sarasin Col- 
lection from North Celebes. 
Albinism, Melanism, etc. - Among genera occunmg in Celebes “'Mnism, 
partial or complete, seems to be most frequent m the Coiicals C»fropi« and 
Cent,ococcy.v. The Hornbill, Cranm-hinus someHmes displays white spot on t 
tail, but this may be a partial reversion to a form with a 
’ . ^ „ ailirarq Hornbills Cases of albimsm are so common 
the rectrices, as seen in some aiiied no rUmnrnhic 
in the Heron, ne.nie,-e.a sacra, that rihtraieC" 
A further advance of albimsm is see P 
such as certain Herons and Swans, foi 
at one time coloured species ^ 2 ^^3 Orn. 
According to the observations of Mi. • • bilateral 
1886 III, 268), albinism, when partial, does not con 
symmetry. m-' i 
Partial melanism occurs in a “^^y vanabte ^dj^me im theja^,^^ 
Oriole Oriolus „lti_ 
a black upper surface. The Bittern, ^gi„nism in N. flavicollis. Per- 
mately prove to represent a case of fieq ictinaetus malayenm (when 
manently black species among Celebesian -ci i,j * yhlmiv praratus and 
adult), larnienlus mussckubroeki, Endynamis (males), BMdbtonlmm eaa.atus 
Cranorrhinus cassidiv (females), Dicrurus, Coivus, Limnocora 
xr 1 f • r -.1 1 .-nrtihnrhroism in Trichoglossus ornatus have been 
(see text, p. 121). ^he spemes of Cucuteo and ^ 
xanthochroistic forms. The sulphur tint 1 narrot-m-een being 
is drre to the absence of the Xwin^orthe tocin (s”ee, Meyer, 
sTb‘?J w' Trn'’lir2'1ir anTtL similar” tint in the Nutmeg Pigeons 
Sitzb. Ak. ^¥lss. Berlin 1882, 51«), an by the same pigment. 
is probably caused in the same manne , y 1 i -x; m 
, nf dimorphism seems to be classifiable 
Dichromatism. - The ^,g cases where it appears to mark 
under Individual Variation, altho ^ ...pHes The best illustration of 
the commencement of the evolution of a new species. 
1) See below p. OS. , , 1 . omirtp 
2) It facies tbrougli exposure to tbe ligb 
plumage wliite. 
of time in skins and stuffed examples, leaving the 
