38 
Birds of Celebes: Falconidae. 
toes; tarsi completely feathered; wings very long; edge of upper mandible 
without any tooth or festoon. A single sjaecies, ranging from the Himalayas 
to the Moluccas; possibly migratory. It carries off birds’ nests, for which pur- 
pose its foot is adapted, and devours the eggs or young; feeds also on reptiles, 
mammals. 
14. lOTINAETUS MALAYENSIS (Reinw.). 
Black Eagle. 
a. Falco malayensis (I) Reinw. in Temin., PI. Col. ISTr. 117 (1824). 
h. Aquila malayensis Vig., Zool. Jrn. 1824, I, 337; (1) Schl., Mus. P.-B. Aqiiilae 1862, 11; 
(11) id. Valkv. 1866, 8, 49, pi. 3, f. 1, 2; (3) id.. Rev. Acc. 1873, 116; (4) Rosenb., 
Malay. Arch. 1878, 271. 
c. Aquila (Heteropus) pernigra Hodgs., J. A. S. B. 1836, V, 227. 
d. Nisaetus ovivorus Jerd., Madr. Journ. 1844, XTTT^ 158. 
e. Neopus perniger Hodgs. in Gray’s Zool. Misc. 1844, 81. 
/'. Ictinaetus perniger Blyth, Ann. N. H. 1844, XUI, 114. 
g. Onyehaetus malayana Kaup, Olassif. Saug. u. Vog. 1844, 120. 
h. Neopus malayensis Gray, Cat. Hodgs. Coll. B. 1846, 42; (I) Beavan, P. S. Z. 1868, 
396, pi. XXXIY; (2) Sliarpe, Cat, B. 1874, I, 257; (3) Briiggem., Abh. Ver. 
Bremen 1876, V, 45; (4) Gurney, Ibis 1877, 423; (5) Legge, B. Ceylon 1880, 47; 
(6) Salvad., Orn. Pap. 1880, I, 6; (7) Oates, B. Brit. Burmah 1883, II, 190; 
(8) Davison, Str. F. 1883, X, 335; (9) Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1888, 268; (10) id.. Ibis 
1889, 71; id., ib. 1890, 274; Everett, J. Str. Br. R. A. S. 1889, 181; (11) Oates, 
Hume’s Nests and Eggs 1890, III, 145; (12) Salvad., Orn. Pap. Agg. 1889, 11; 
(13) Hartert, J. f. O. 1889, 376; (14) Sharpe, Ibis 1893, 563; (15) M. & Wg., 
Abh. Mus. Drcsd. 1896, Nr. 1, p. 4; (16) Buttik., Notes Leyden Mus. 1896, 
XVIH, 195. 
Ictinaetus malayensis (1) Blanf., Faun. Brit. India B. Ill, 1895, 347, 
“Oopo”, Celebes (v. Rosenb. b 4). 
For full synonymy and references see Salvador! 6. 
Figures and descriptions. Temminck a I] Schlegel ill; Beavan h L, Sharpe h 2\ 
Gurney h 4\ Legge h 5\ Salvador! h 6‘; Oates h 7, h 10 (egg); Blanford 1. 
Adult. Entire plumage brownish black; tail marked on the upper surface with about 
7 indistinct and broken bars of brownish grey, which are whitish and distinct on the 
under surface (Halmahera Nr. 2945). Lis brmvn; bill, gape and feet yellow; tip of 
bill black. 
Young. Above brownish black; greater wing-coverts and secondaries tipped, the 
tail-coverts barred, with wliite; the feathers of the back, lesser, and middle wing- 
coverts with a small whitish spot at the tip of each; tail black, indistinctly crossed 
with numerous bars of grey-brown; feathers of head and neck broadly margined 
and tipped with whitish; face, throat and under surface pale ta\vny, with broad 
sooty brown margins to the feathers of the breast and sides; wings and tail 
below marbled with broken bars of wliitish (q^ juv. Loka, S. Celebes, 6. X. 95: 
P. & F. Sarasin). 
