Birds of Celebes; Falconidae. 
63 
(29) Sliarpe, Ibis 1894, 244, 258; (30) Bourns & Worces., B. Menage Exp. 1894, 
33; (31) M. & Wg., Abb. Mus. Dresd. 1896 Nr. 1, p. 7; (32) Hartert, Nov. Zool. 
1896, 177. 
b. Elanus intermedius (1) Schl., Mus. P.-B. Milvi 1862, 7; (II) id., Valkvog. Ned. Lid. 
1866, 31, 68, pi. 24, f. 2, 3; Gray, HL. 1869, I, 28. 
c. Elanus melanopterus (1) v. Martens (nec Leach), J. f. O. 1866, 9. 
Figures and descriptions. Gould 7, iZ; Schlegel b II\ Sharpe S; Gurney IS; Vorder- 
inan 21. 
Male adult. All under parts, forehead, sides of head and neck pure white; super- 
ciliary streak black; upper wing-coverts (except the longest) black; upper sur- 
face, including the two middle tail-feathers, ashy grey, darkest about the intersca- 
pulary region; end of quills dusky, below greyer and becoming pure white where 
the wing rests upon the sides of the body; the five outer pairs of tail-feathers 
white (S. Celebes, January: Meyer, Nr. 1680). “Feet citron-yellow; claws black; 
cere yellow; under the eyes yellowish; iris fiery red” (Meyer 14). 
Measurements. Wing 300 mm; tail 137; tarsus 38; bill from cere 19.5. 
Female. An adult Q in the Sarasin Collection answers to the above description of the male: 
size — wing 310, tail 140, tarsus 39, bill from cere 20 mm (2, coast between Ma- 
cassar and Bonthain, 1 . X. 95 : P. & F. S.). 
Young (assuming adult plumage). Above gi-ey-brown, with wliite margins to the feathers, 
varied with new feathers of grey (maturity); wing- coverts black and undei surface 
white as in the adult (cf. Lake Posso, Central Celebes, 19. H. 95: P. & F. Sarasin. 
Iris light yellowish brow'n (Everett). 
Distribution. Celebes — Macassar (Wallace 4, 8, Meyer 14), Luwu, Gulf ofBoni (Weber 2S), 
Lake Posso, Centr. Cel. (P. & F. Sarasin), North Celebes (Forsten hi), Manado 
(Faber in Lcyd. Mus.); Java (S. Miiller h 1, Forbes 19, 20, etc.); Sumatra (Bec- 
cari 15, Modigliani 27); Borneo (Schwaner h 1, Mottley 3, Treacher id); 
Sooloo Islands (Burbidge 17, 23, Everett 29)\ Philippines — Luzon (Jagor 10, 
Steere 25), Cebu, Zamboanga, Basilan (Everett 11, 12, 13), Mndoro, Negros, Gui- 
maras (Steere 25,26), Calamianes (Bourns & Worcester 30). 
The adult specimen from Celebes described above does not show a trace 
of black upon the tips of the under primary coverts, apparent in Gould’s 
figure (II) of the type from the same locality, but it is present to a slight ex- 
tent in the Sarasins’ adult example, while our four Javan specimens all show 
it more or less, as does also Schlegel’s figure of one from this locality (b II). 
Perhaps it is lost with age, as one of our Javan specimens has only a trace of it. 
The Dresden Museum possesses one adult specimen and the Leyden Mu- 
seum five from the West Coast of Sumatra, which have the terminal third of 
all the primary coverts and the under side of all the primaries (except a very 
small extent about the base of the shafts) black. These specimens differ from 
E. aanllaris (Lath.) of Australia in having the two central tail-feathers, not uni- 
form dirty white like the other tail-feathers, but of the dark colour of the upper 
surface, which is also altogether of a darker grey than in the Australian form. 
Prom E. coeruleiis they are distinguishable by the presence of this black on 
the under primary coverts and by the black under surface of the primaries. 
From E. hypoleucus they differ in the same respects, but the constrast of colour 
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