Birds of Celebes: Palconidae. 
81 
GENUS FALCO L. 
The true Falcons range in size from small to medium; the wing is long 
and very pointed, the secondaries short, not reaching as far as the middle of 
the wing; bill well hooked, furnished with a tooth; tarsus short, reticulate; 
middle toe as long or longer than the tarsus; tail moderate, square to rounded 
in shape. They prey chiefly on birds, catching them on the wing. About 
30 species distributed over nearly the whole world. Eggs 3 — 5. 
27. FALCO SEVEKUS Horsf. 
Chestnut Hobby. 
Falco severus (1) Horsf., Tr. Z. S. 1821, XHI, 135; (2) Schl., Mas. P.-B. Falcones 1862, 
23; (III) id., Valkv. Ned. Ind. 1866, 4, 45, pi. 2, f. 2, 3; (3^‘^) id., Eev. Acc. 1873, 
39; (4) Sharpe, Oat. B. 1874, I, 397; (5) Briiggem., Ahh. Ver. Bremen 1876, V, 
454; (6) Bourdillon, Str. F. 1876, 354; (7) Hume, Str. F. 1879, VTH, 43, 81; 
(8) Sclat., P. Z. S. 1880, 65; (0) Legge, B. Ceylon 1880, 110; Eeid, Sti’. F. 1881, 
X, 4; (10) H. 0. Forbes, Ibis 1881, 140; (11) Oates, B. Brit. Burinab 1883, II, 
216; Davison, Str. F. 1883, X, 333; (12) Everett, P. Z. S. 1889, 225; (13) id., 
J. Str. Br. E. A. S. 1889, 186; Tristr., Cat. CoU. B. 1889, 66; (14) Steere, List 
OolL B. Pliibp. Is. 1890, 8; (15j Sharpe, Ibis, 1893, 562; (Ki) Madarasz, Aqnila 
1894, 88; fiZyi Bourns & Worces., B. Menage Expcd. 1894, 33; (18) Grant, Ibis 
1895, 39; (19) Blanf., Fami. Br. Ind. B. 1895 HI, 423; (20) Hartert, Xov. Zool 
1896, 256, 533. 
a. Falco aldrovandi “Eeinw.” (I) Temm., PI. Col. 1823, Nr. 128. 
h. Falco guttatus Gray, Ann. N. H. 1843, XI, 371. 
c. Falco rufipedioides Hodgs., Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist. 1844, IV, 283. 
d. Hypotriorchis severus (1) Gray, Gen. B. 1844, I, 20; (2) id.. List Accip. Br. Mus. 1848, 
53; (3) Jerdon, B. Incha 1862, I, 34; (4) Blyth, Bjis 1863, 9; (5) Humei 
Bough Notes 1S69, I, 87; (5’‘’^) Wald., Ibis 1872, 98; (G) Holdsw., P. Z. S. 
1872, 410; (G^<^) Wald., Tr. Z. S. 1875, IX, 139; (7) Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. 
Gen. 1875, 643, 750; (7>«^) Wald., P. Z. S. 1878, 937; (8) Salvad., Orn. Pap. 
1880, I, 33; 1882, HI, 507; and Agg. 1889, 14; (9) Gurney, Ibis 1882, 131, 153; 
id.. Diurn. B. of Prey 1884, 102; (10) Pleske, Bull Acad. Sc. Petersb. 1884, XII, 
112; (11) Finsch & Meyer, Z. ges. Orn. 1880, 2; (12) W. Bla.s., Ornis 1888, 303; 
id.. Ibis 1888, 373; Tristr., Cat. Coll B. 1889, 66; (13) Whitehead, Ibis 1890, 
43; (14) W. Bias., J. f. O. 1890, 138. 
e. Falco frontatus (I) Schl, Valkv. 1866, pi. 2, f. 5. 
For further synonymy and references see Salvad. d 8. 
Figures and descriptions. Temminck a I\ Schlegel III, eJ; Sharpe 4; Legge 5; Sal- 
vador! d 8] Oates 11\ Finsch & Moyer Blanford 19. 
Adult. Head, neck, cheeks and ear-coverts black; quills and lesser wing-coverts 
also black; rest of upper surface slate-colour, pale.st on the rump, shafts of the 
feathers black; chin and throat -white, sliglitly washed with rufous; rest of under 
surface dark cinnamon-rufous, almost unmarked with black; under wing-coverts 
like the under surface, but marked with Hack about the carj)al joint; quills and 
tail below browmish grey, obscurely barred with cinnamon-grey towards their bases 
Meyer & Wiglosvrortli, Birds of CeleTies (Oefc. lUh, 1S97). 
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