Birds of Celebes: Asionidae. 
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2. Scops manadensis albiventris (Sharpe). 
h. Scops manadensis Wall. & Wald, c 2, c 3, pt. 
i. Scops albiventris Sliarpe, Cat. B. 1875, IT, 78, pi. Vm, fig. 1. 
Diagnosis. Differs from tlie typical 8. inanadensis in having a distinct wash of grey on the 
upper surface; cheeks greyish white; belly white with very scanty cross markings 
and fines (Sharpe ib.). ') 
Distribution. Flores (Wallace). 
3. Scops manadensis rutilus (Pucher.). 
j. Scops rutilus (1) Pucher., Eev. Zool. 1849, 29; (2) Sharpe, Cat. B. 1875, n, 80; (3) 
Hartl., Vog. Madag. 1877, 14. 
Scops manadensis Hartl. (nec Q. & G.), Faun. Madag. 23; Gran did.. Rev. Zool. 1867 
255, 321; Milne-Edw. et Grandid., H. H. Ois. Madag. 1876, pi. XL, XLA (skelet.), 
texte 1879, 133. 
1. Scops madagascariensis Grandid., Rev. Zool. 1867, 85. 
For further synonymy and references see Sharpe j 2; Hartl. j 3. 
Diagnosis. Differs from the tyjncal 8. ma^iadensis in having the inner fining of the (pills 
nearly unifoim, with only a few broad bars of yellowish white near the base of the 
feathers ; whereas in the typical 8. nM‘)iad.ensis the whole wing is narrowly barred with 
fulvous for its whole extent; upper surface of the latter more stellated, the spots 
being more yellowish in appeaiunce (Sharpe e IV). 
Observation. We do not tliink that Dr. Sharpe’s diagnosis will be found to answer for all 
cases; the under side of the remiges displays much variation, it is the paler (in our 
oifinion younger) birds in which the wing below is most markedly barred; one or two 
of the rufous specimens have no bars thereon at all except at the base, and there 
is a freckled appearance towards the tip. For some osteological differences see Meyer 
under e XI, and table supra p. 104. 
Distribution. Madagascar. 
4. Scops manadensis eapnodes (Gurney). 
Scops eapnodes J. H. Gurney, of Anjouan Island in the Comoro Group has been recently 
separated as a species from 8. rutilm of Madagascar (Ibis 1889, 104). Plumage much 
darker, also less mingled with white, the pale portion of the scapulars (white m six, 
light rufous in a seventh Madagascar specimen, compared) much less extended, absent 
in one specimen; wing a little longer; lower portion of tarsus bare. 
Observation. The remaining three races of 8. manadensis may be usually distingiushed from 
the foregoing by then- larger size: Wing 165 — 195 as against 130 — 165 mm, but 
individuals sometimes overstep these limits. 
5. Scops manadensis magicus (S. MiilL). 
m. Strix magica 8. Mtill., Verb. Xat. Geschied, Xatuurk. Comm. 1839 — 44, 110 (Amboina). 
n. Otus magicus (1) Temm. Schl., Faun. Jap. Aves 1845, 25 (Amboina, Celebes). 
o. Scops magicus (l)Jip., Consp. 1850, 1, 46; (2) Schl., Mus. P.-B. Oti 1862, 22; (III) Sharpe, 
Cat. B. 1875, n, 70, pi. V; (4) Briiggem., Abh. Ver. Bremen 1876, V, 47; (5) 
Salvad., Orn. Pap. 1880, I, 73, 76; Agg. 1889, I, 22. 
ii Can tins be a young individual? 
5Ieyer & Wigleswortli, Birds of Celebes {Oct. 1S97). 
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