128 
Birds of Celebes: Cacatuidae. 
FAMILY CACATUIDAE. 
“Sternum complete; orbital ring completely ossified, with a process bridging 
the temporal fossa (Garrod, P. Z. S. 1874, 594); nostrils open in a cere 
not much swollen, generally naked but sometimes feathered ; bill very deej), deeper 
than long, with the upper mandible generally niuch compressed; hook of the 
upper mandible nearly perpendicular, except in Liemetis, and with a file-like 
surface underneath; tarsus short; head always crested; as a rule only the left 
carotid present” (Salvadori, Cat. B. XX, 101). Coloration uniform. 
Five genera found in Australia, two thereof passing into Papuasia, and 
one of the latter, Cacatua, further to the Philippines, Celebes, and the I.esser 
Sunda Islands. 
GENUS CACATUA Vieill. ex Briss. 
Map V. 
The species of this genus are of rather large size — from that of a Jack- 
daw to a Kaven almost — and are w'ell characterized by their white or rosy — 
(in one case dee]? rose-coloured) plumage, their crests, and perpendicu- 
larly-hooked bills. Fuscin, a colour which, when overlaid with psittaco- 
fulvin, gives parrot-green, is absent in the Cockatoos (Krukenberg). The 
genus Cacatua is composed of 15 species, which, as shown in the following 
article, fall into three natural groups, with a distribution from Australia to 
T.ombok, Celebes, the Philippines, Moluccas, the Papuan Islands to the Solo- 
mon group. 
42. CACATUA SULPHUREA (Gm.). 
Sulphurous Cockatoo. 
According to Mr. Hartert (Nov. Zool. 1897, 165) this form embraces three 
subspecies. They are : 
1. The typical Cacatua sulphurea.^) 
a. Psittacus snlphureus (1) Gm., S. N. 1788, I, 330 (ex Briss. and Edwards); (2) S. Mlill., 
Verb. Natimrk. Comm. 1839—44, 90, 182; id., Eeizeii Ind. Arch. 1857, 12; (3) 
Russ, Fremdl. Stubenvog. 1881, IV, 655 — 658. 
b. Psittacus cristatus (1) Labill., Voy. h la Recherche de la Perouse 1791 — 92, 11, 301, 
c. Cacatua sulphurea (I) Vieill., N. D. 1817, XVII, 10; (2) Schl.. Mus. P.-B. Psitt. 1864, 
137, pt.; (3J Eraser, P. Z. 8. 1865, 227; Schl., Ned. Tdschr. Dierk. 1866, 
m, 319, 321; (4J Garrod., P. Z. 8. 1873, 460, fig. 6 (carotids), 461, 465, (5J id., ib. 1874, 
587, 588, 591, 595; (6) 8chl., Rev. Psitt. 1874, 66; [7] Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. 
Gen. 1875, Vn, 644; AV Brliggem., Abb. Ver. Bremen, 1876, V, 37; (9) Rosenb., 
') Many authors spell this word ’•'sulfur ed!’’, but this is not the original spelling of G-melin, nor in- 
deed the more correct. 
