280 
Birds of Celebes: Alcedinidae. 
Halcyon coromanda rufa (Wall.). 
a. Halcyon rufa (1) Wall., P. Z. S. 18(12, 338. 
h. Dacelo coromandeliana (1) Sclil. , V. Ned. Ind. Ijsvogels 1864, 24, 56 (Celebes, Sula). 
c. Dacelo rufa (1) Pinscli, New Guinea 1866, 160. 
d. Halcyon coromanda (I) Sharpe, Monogr. Alcedin. 1870, 155 (Celebes), pi. 57, front figure 
(type of H. rufa)', (2) Guillem., P. Z. S. 1885, 548; (3) Hickson, Nat. in N. 
Celebes 1889, 90; (4) M. & Wg., xAbh. Mus. Dresd. 1895, Nr. 9, p. 3 (Talaut). 
e. Callialcyon ' ) rufa (1) Wald., Tr. Z. S. 1872, VIH, 44; (2) Salvad., Ucc. Borneo 1874, 
102; (8) id., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1875, \Tr, 653; (4) Meyer, Ibis 1879, 62, 146; 
(5) W. Bias., J. f. 0. 1883, 136; (6) Meyer, Isis, Dresden 1884, 6; (7) W. Bias., 
Ztscbr. ges. Orn. 1885, 246; (8) id., ib. 1886, 90; (9) id., Ornis 1888, 572. 
/'. Dacelo coromanda (1) ScliL, Revue Alcedin. 1874, 17 (Celebes, Sula, Sangi). 
g. Halcyon coromanda var. rufa (1) Brligg. , Abli. Ver. Bremen 1876, V, 54. 
h. Halcyon coromanda rufa (1) Stejn., Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1887, X, 403; (TI) Meyer, Abb. 
v. Vogclskel. 1 897, H, pi. CCXVI. 
i. Halcyon'^) rufus (subsp. Celebes) (1) Sharpe, Cat. B. XVII, 1892, 221. 
j. Callialcyon coromanda rufa (1) M. & Wg., Abb. Mus. Dresd. 1895, Nr. 8, p. 7; (2) iid., 
ib. 1896, Nr. 2, p. 12. 
“Radja udan mera” (Red King of the Crabs), North Celebes, Meyer e 4. 
“Radja udan mera besar”, near Manado, Nat. Coll. 
“Bengkah mahamu”, Siao, Nat. Coll. 
“Sumpotito”, Tjainba, S. Celebes, Platen e 7. 
"Sangkul”, Pehng, Nat. Coll. 
“Pisawato”, Karkellang, Talaut, iid. 
Figures and descriptions. Sharpe d I, i 1\ Meyer h II (skel.); Wallace a 2; W. Bias, e 7. 
Adult [q^]. General colour rufous, darker above, chestnut-red on the wings and tad; from 
crown to scapulars, wing-coverts, upper flanks, upper tail-coverts, middle 
tail-feathers and outer webs of the others, cheeks, ear-coverts and sides 
of neck washed with magenta, especially strongly on mantle and scapulars; lower back 
and rump pale silvery blue; under surface orange-rufous, much darker and shghtly 
washed wfth magenta across the lower throat, forming a sort of ill-defined collar 
(near Manado, Aug. — Sep. — C 10862). Iris dark-brown; bill, feet, and claws 
red (M. e 4). 
Sexes. Sinrilar. 
Immature. Like the adult, but with a weaker magenta wash on the upper surface, seen 
only on liind head and nape, lower mantle, scapulars, upper wing- and tad-coverts; 
the blue of the rump darker, azure; the feathers of the cheeks, throat and breast 
terminally fringed with brown, forming wavy cross-bars; bill red (near Manado, Aug. 
till Sept. — C 10863). 
b The genus Calliahynn was made by Bonaparte in 1850, Consp. Avium, 15G. The type of TEnto- 
mothera of Horsfield (1820), mentioned as Halcyon coromanda by Sharpe, is not specified in the original 
text (Ti’. L. S. XIII, 173), and Ceyx tridactylus, as the first species of the genus, has the best claim to the name. 
Callialcyon differs notably from Halcyon in arrangement of prunaries, coloration, shortness of tail. 
2) The genus Halcyon was made by Swains on in 1820 (Zool. Illustr. pi. 27; Classif. B. 1837, 11, 335). 
Since writing his “Monograph of the Kingfishers” between 1868 — 70, it appears that Dr. Sharpe has made a 
mythological tUscovery. Swainson conceived Halcyon to be one of the forms of Alcyone’s name, Aeolus’s 
daughter, wlio was changed into a Kingfisher, though Canon Tristram doubts it (Ibis 1893, 215). From his 
recent Catalogue of the Kiugfisher.s it aitpears that Dr. Sharpe has found Halcyon to be a person of the 
male sex, presumalffy a lover of Alcyone’s, though Alcyone has hitherto always been accounted the faithful 
wife of Ceyx. 
